[86] In addition to the seven Fire Stations, the NBFD also operates a fire apparatus maintenance facility/repair shop at 311 Liberty St., an Emergency Management facility at 834 Kempton St., and a Fire Museum at 51 Bedford St. Fire Headquarters is located at 868 Pleasant St. and the Fire Prevention Bureau is located at 1204 Purchase St. New Bedford Public Schools is the community school district. In the spring of 2004, Cage sat in at several gigs with the David Nelson Band. In late January 2015, a blizzard traversed over the city as it shed almost 32 inches (81cm) of snow. A second team called the Millmen played for one season in 1929. I-190 links Worcester to Route 2 and the cities of Fitchburg and Leominster in northern Worcester County. The largest industries by employment in the area were as follows: health services, eating and drinking places, wholesale trade, food stores, and social services. Reliant Medical Group was the creator of Fallon Community Health Plan, a now independent HMO based in Worcester, and one of the largest health maintenance organizations (HMOs) in the state. The team's owner ran into financial difficulties, and the team disbanded after the 2012 season. When you arrive and walk around there is a street you can hang out on with a brass band and numerous types of buskers. However, the city also is the site of the marine campus of University of Massachusetts Dartmouth (located at Fort Rodman) as well as its satellite visual art campus located in the former Star Store building downtown. Home - Fire Department - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Fire Station Locations - Fire Department - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Two New Bedford Catholic schools to merge", "School History, Saint Teresa of Calcutta School", "Catholic school closes with celebration of 66-year history", "Closing of century-old school is sad loss to community", 1st Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts, "Main Library - Library - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Casa da Saudade Library - Library - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Howland - Green Library - Library - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Lawler Library - Library - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Wilks Library - Library - City of New Bedford Official Website", "Bookmobile - Library - City of New Bedford Official Website", "WGBH's Jared Bowen to be honorary Ishmael in New Bedford's 'Moby-Dick' marathon Jan. 4 - The Boston Globe", "A Spectacle in Motion: The Grand Panorama of a Whaling Voyage 'Round the World-the original", "Eric Clapton - Crossroads Guitar Festival 2013 - Photos - Crossroads Guitar Festival 2013", "Zeiterion Performing Arts Center - Official Site", "New Bedford, Massachusetts Encyclopedia", "New Bedford Bay Sox will not field a team in 2020 but hope to return in 2021", "New Bedford's arts and culture sectors 'back in business', "Waterfront Historic Area LeaguE (WHALE) - Revitalizing New Bedford Through Historic Preservation", Douglass reading stirs abolitionist roots, "Passionada - Your link to SouthCoast Massachusetts and beyond", Bibliography of the history of New Bedford, Massachusetts, New Bedford Textile School/New Bedford Institute of Technology, Nathan and Mary (Polly) Johnson properties, Union Street Railway Carbarn, Repair Shop, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Bedford,_Massachusetts&oldid=1126448124, Populated coastal places in Massachusetts, Portuguese-American culture in Massachusetts, Portuguese neighborhoods in the United States, Articles with dead external links from November 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Articles containing Wampanoag-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from The American Cyclopaedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from The American Cyclopaedia with a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Collier's Encyclopedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Senator is Ed Markey, elected in a special election in 2013. All whales died in New England waters and were cleaned and assembled for display. Although manufacturing has declined, the city still maintains large manufactures, like Norton Abrasives, which was bought by Saint-Gobain in 1990, Morgan Construction Company, since bought by Siemens and then bought by Japanese company PriMetals Technologies, and the David Clark Company. There are also many dedicated community organizations and art associations in the city. Cable television is available from Charter Communications, with broadband Internet access also provided, while a variety of DSL providers and resellers are able to provide broadband Internet over Verizon-owned phone lines. Worcester and the surrounding areas in 2006, looking north from 3,700 feet (1,100m). The creation of the New Bedford Textile School in 18951899 ushered in an era of textile prosperity that began to decline in the great depression and ended with the end of the textile period in the 1940s. In 1818, Irish immigrants established the Catholic mission that built St. Mary's Church. Some of the students who attend these schools go on to attend Bishop Stang High School in neighboring Dartmouth. In the 1990s it established a preschool; it was a. St. Joseph-St. Therese School It had 225 students in 2000. Up through the 17th century, the area was the territory of the Wampanoag Native American people. worcester / central MA (wor) york, PA (yrk) Zoom Video gear: Band breakup $315 (New Jersey) pic hide this posting restore restore this posting. [13], At this time, the economy primarily ran on agriculture and fishing. In the 1760s, between the Seven Years' War and the American Revolution, shipwrights, carpenters, mechanics, and blacksmiths, settled around New Bedford harbor, creating a skilled and comprehensive maritime community. Although Hart contributed to two tracks on the album, former Jefferson Airplane drummer Spencer Dryden replaced him in the New Riders prior to his departure from the parent group. On June 9, 1953, an F4 tornado touched down in Petersham, Massachusetts, northwest of Worcester. [citation needed]. In the 1760s, Nantucket's most prominent whaling families moved to New Bedford, refining their own oil and making their own premium candles. One notable charter school in the city is Abby Kelley Foster Charter Public School, which teaches kindergarten through 12th grade. The team folded after the 1915 season. The number of American households who were unbanked last year dropped to its lowest level since 2009, a new FDIC survey says. The most famous of these soldiers was William Harvey Carney, who made sure that the American flag never touched the ground during the Union assault on Fort Wagner, South Carolina, near Charleston. At its height, over 30,000 people were employed by the 32 cotton-manufacturing companies that owned the textile factories of New Bedford (which were worth $100million in total). Taylor's legacy includes being the first African American and the second black athlete to be a world champion (Canadian boxer George Dixon, 1892). Quinn has performed on stage with Buddy Guy and B.B. Its territories were taken from the neighboring Diocese of Springfield. Although they lacked the managerial acumen and cultural cachet of the Grateful Dead and elected to remain in East Palo Alto, California unlike the former group, which soon relocated to the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, the New Delhi River Band were considered[citation needed] by late 1966 to be the house band of The Barn[2][3][4] (one of the region's few viable concert venues outside of San Francisco) in Scotts Valley, California. Union Station serves as the hub for commuter railway traffic. This type of governance, with modifications, has survived to the present day. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 16.11% of the population. Two of the nation's most radical abolitionists, Abby Kelley Foster and her husband Stephen S. Foster, adopted Worcester as their home, as did Thomas Wentworth Higginson, the editor of The Atlantic Monthly and Emily Dickinson's avuncular correspondent, and Unitarian minister Rev. Magic Matt Alan started in show biz at the tender age of 10, swallowing razor blades for an audience of Boy Scouts. Allen Kemp joined on bass in 1978 before emerging as a co-frontman on guitar and vocals, contributing prominently to the songwriting for the band's last major label release, 1981's Feelin' All Right.[8]. [8] The city is also home to the New Bedford Whaling Museum. St. Mary School It had 214 students in 2005, which declined to 180 in 2010. Built in 1911, the station has been restored to its original grace and splendor, reopening to full operation in 2000. It was the home of a number of members of the 54th Massachusetts Regiment, an American Civil War regiment which fought, with considerable distinction, to preserve the Union. Inspired by American folk music, rock and roll, and blues, Garcia formed the Grateful Dead (initially known as The Warlocks) with blues singer Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, while Nelson joined the similarly inclined New Delhi River Band (which would eventually come to include bassist Dave Torbert) shortly thereafter. They achieved success with their 1991 single, Good Vibrations, which reached number one in the U.S., Sweden, and Switzerland. The city's other public high schools include South High Community School, North High School, Doherty Memorial High School, Burncoat Senior High School, University Park Campus School, and Claremont Academy. Exclusive channels, sports play-by-play, A-list hosts. French Canadians also secured a foothold in New Bedford at about the same time, and they built the Church of the Sacred Heart in 1877. However, the city's manufacturing base waned following World War II. 2015. Verizon, successor to New England Telephone, NYNEX, and Bell Atlantic, is the primary wired telephone service provider for the area. Love of Rick Nelson's Stone Canyon Band and the Roger McGuinn Band replaced Battin after he left the group to co-found a reconstituted lineup of The Flying Burrito Brothers in 1976. The ambitious project looked to reconnect old street patterns while creating a new retail, commercial and living destination in the city. [94] Similarly, the invention of the classic yellow "smiley face" design by Worcester native Harvey Ball has gained it an iconic status in the city. There were 39,208 households, of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.5% were married couples living together, 20.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.9% were non-families. Worcester is currently home to eight colleges and universities. The Mount Washington Glass Company (which later became Pairpoint) crafted works of glass and silver for the newly affluent class, and examples of these works can be seen today on the second floor of the New Bedford Whaling Museum. Between 1834 and 1981, three prominent families owned the house. [7] The most commercially successful configuration of the New Riders would come to encompass Dawson, Nelson, Torbert, Spencer Dryden, and Buddy Cage. Hanover Insurance was founded in 1852 and retains its headquarters in Worcester. The city is home to three radio stations: FM stations WJFD-FM/97.3 (Portuguese-language) and WNBH-FM/101.3, and WNBH-AM/1340. Concerts Holiday Pops Keith Lockhart Boston, MA 02115 Tax identification (501(c(3)): 04-2103550 Contact Us. Starting in 1881, the textile industry grew large enough to sustain the city's economy. [96] From 1931 to 2013, Worcester was home to the Higgins Armory Museum, which was the sole museum dedicated to arms and armor in the country. They brought religious values into their business models, promoting stability as well as prosperity, investing in infrastructure projects such as rail, and employing without discrimination. In 2005, the city received $104,925,772 for education, and $22,755,439 for general government from the State of Massachusetts. [29], In recent decades, a renewed interest in the city's downtown has brought new investment and construction to Worcester. [90] Founded in 1974 the Worcester Symphony Orchestra performs classical works regularly at Mechanics Hall in downtown Worcester. Factories producing textiles, shoes and clothing opened along the nearby Blackstone River. Full view. [70], Peter Pan Bus Lines makes a New Bedford stop on a New York City to Hyannis (Cape Cod) route. Ron Parker's easy going, fun attitude is infectious. New Bedford was also a center of abolitionism at this time. Clement Nye Swift, Clifford Warren Ashley, and Benjamin Russell are notable artists from New Bedford. The city's public school system also administers an adult education component called "Night Life", and operates a Public-access television cable TV station on channel 11. That same year, Massachusetts Spy publisher Isaiah Thomas moved his radical newspaper out of British occupied Boston to Worcester. Bridgewater State University Aviation is based at the New Bedford Regional Airport. Both parks are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2020, the team announced they were folding for the 2020 season and hoped to return in 2021. New Bedford has been known to be a very aggressive interior attack department when responding to fire emergencies, and has been considered to be among the best in the state. The Massachusetts Academy of Math and Science was founded in 1992 as a public secondary school at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Bishop "Sweet Daddy" Grace, native of Brava, Cape Verde, was a New Bedford resident who founded the United House of Prayer for All People, one of the largest African-American sects in America. ***Rare Vintage 1970's Aria Pro II PE-190 Robert Conti Jazz Guitar***, 2017 Gibson SG Standard HP - High Performance with Case, ESP LTD SN-1000FR Super Strat - Copper - Gig Bag - EMG Pickups, Solar V1.6RD Artist Limited Ed. The port is also a frequent stop for cruise ships, expecting an upwards of thirty cruise ship calls in 2006. On March 15, 2017, MassDOT filed a notice of project change in order to advance South Coast Rail service serving both New Bedford and Fall River using the existing Middleborough/Lakeville Commuter Rail Line. Author of Heroes Mentors and Friends (Balboa Press), Jones lists his heroes as his kids Jordan and Matthew, as The area was already home to Lucy Stone, Eli Thayer, and Samuel May Jr. As of 2020, New Bedford Regional Airport serves as the New England Fleet Base for Southern Airways Express, providing maintenance, storage, and offices for the airline.[69]. The fire took the lives of six firemen and drew national attention as one of the worst firefighting tragedies of the late 20th century. FOX FILES combines in-depth news reporting from a variety of Fox News on-air talent. On some albums, such as Midnight Moonlight, the band's sound was less influenced by electric country rock and more by acoustic bluegrass music. Between 1755 and 1758, future U.S. president John Adams worked as a schoolteacher and studied law in Worcester. The Oread Institute was an early women's college that closed its doors in 1934. "New Bedford" redirects here. As of October 2006, private carrier DATTCO provides daily commuter bus service to Boston via Taunton.[71]. In 1963, Worcester native Harvey Ball introduced the iconic yellow smiley face to American culture.[26][27]. In 1838, Frederick Douglass, the runaway slave who became a famous abolitionist, settled in New Bedford. These included among others, guitarists Allen Kemp, Gary Vogensen, and Evan Morgan; bass players Fred Campbell, Bill Laymon, and Michael White; and drummers Val Fuentes, and Greg Lagardo. JALP houses up to 12 pre-arraignment juvenile prisoners.[81]. Long-term economic and population decline was not reversed until the 1990s, when higher education, medicine, biotechnology, and new immigrants started to make their mark. [8] A center of higher education, it is home to eight separate colleges and universities, including Holy Cross, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), and Clark University. This helped make New Bedford the preeminent city in the U.S. whaling industry. Extreme winters have brought up to 120 inches (300cm) of snowfall, as happened in 2005. The city's large industries specialized in machinery, wire production, and power looms. The album peaked at No. Despite the historical decline of fishing and whaling in New England, New Bedford continues to be a leading fishing port. Males had a median income of $37,388 versus $27,278 for females. Picking a plan can be tricky and we're here to help. By the summer of 1969 it was decided that a full band would be formed and David Nelson was recruited to play lead guitar. Originally operated by Worcester City Hospital and later by the University of Massachusetts Medical School,[60] "Worcester EMS" operates exclusively at the advanced life support (ALS) level, with two paramedics staffing each ambulance. It merged into all Saints in 2010. Worcester is home to the largest concentration of digital gaming students in the United States. On September 21, 1938, the city was hit by the brutal New England Hurricane of 1938. The band performed "Panama Red" and "Lonesome LA Cowboy" with Peter Rowan as part of the celebration. The Blackstone River forms in the center of Worcester by the confluence of the Middle River and Mill Brook. [9], In 1673, English settlers John Eliot and Daniel Gookin led an expedition to Quinsigamond to establish a new Christian Indian "praying town" and identify a new location for an English settlement. Each decade since then saw a gradual decrease in whaling work, activity, and revenue. The Sharks played at the DCU Center as a developmental team for the National Hockey League's San Jose Sharks. "It was spring and not yet warm," Goldman later wrote, "but the coffee I brewed, our sandwiches, and dainty dishes were beginning to be appreciated. Some became prominent merchants and businessmen, mainly in textiles and manufacturing. [39] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.1 square miles (62.5km2). CEA members included the Republican Party leadership and other groups not affiliated with the regular Democratic Party.[55]. Denniss break in the biz occurred while working as an intern at a radio station when the overnight disc jockey never showed up. [23] They established solid social and economic relationships with Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, integrating New Bedford into the urban northeastern economy. A Convention Center was built along the DCU Center arena in downtown Worcester in 1997. [84] The Canal District was once an old Eastern European neighborhood, but has been redeveloped into a very popular bar, restaurant and club scene.[85]. Flyer05412403707. Herman Melville is associated with New Bedford, with his 1851 novel Moby-Dick set in the city. Dawsonwho dropped out of Occidental College in December 1965 and remained in Los Angeles for several years thereafter, "hanging out with musicians and weirdos"had returned to Los Altos Hills by early 1969, allowing him to contribute to the Aoxomoxoa sessions and briefly enroll at Foothill College. Many whalers would quit their jobs in 1849, though, as the Gold Rush attracted many of them to leave New Bedford for California. As a former manufacturing center, Worcester has many historic 19th century buildings and on the National Register of Historic Places, including the old facilities of the Crompton Loom Works, Ashworth and Jones Factory and Worcester Corset Company Factory. Phone service is also available from various national wireless companies. In the mid-1970s, Radio Caroline adopted the song "On My Way Back Home" from the Gypsy Cowboy album as the station's theme tune. During this period Nelson and Garcia played intermittently in an early iteration of High Country, a traditional bluegrass ensemble formed by the remnants of the Peninsula folk scene. Similarly, Polish immigrants began arriving in the late 19th century and established the parish of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in 1903. [62] UMass Memorial EMS operates the EMS Communications Center, which is a secondary PSAP and provides emergency medical dispatch (EMD) services to Worcester and other communities.[63]. The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or [93][94] In fiscal year 2016, the City of New Bedford spent 0.78% ($2,012,820) of its budget on its public library systemapproximately $21.20 per person, per year.[95]. There were 42,781 housing units at an average density of 2,063 per square mile (797/km2). A Catholic Mass was first offered in the city in an old stone building on Front Street. The per capita income was $29,316. [54] Fish Island was also the site of an early experiment in coal gasification, leading to the explosion of a building. British forces blockaded American ports and captured or destroyed American commercial ships; they even marched down King's Street in New Bedford (defiantly renamed Union Street after the Revolution) and set businesses on fire. This declined to 138 in 2005 but went up to 152 in 2010. Shrewsbury Street is Worcester's traditional "Little Italy" neighborhood and today boasts many of the city's most popular restaurants and nightlife. [35], In 1847, the New Bedford Horticultural Society was begun by James Arnold. Route 9 runs almost the entire length of the state, connecting Boston and Worcester with Pittsfield, near the New York state border. Formula: Fabos, A.,Pilgrim, M., Said-Ali, M., Krahe, J.,Ostiller, Z. "Ladies 'n Doberman" its Magic Matt! The city also formerly operated a trash dump in the Mount Pleasant area of town between the regional airport and the Whaling City Golf Course. The latest chapter in Bob Dylans Bootleg Series takes a fresh look at Time Out of Mind, Dylans mid-career masterpiece, celebrating the album and its enduring impact 25 years after its original release on September 30, 1997.. Pre-order Now Since 1916, Worcester has also been the home of the Worcester Kiltie Pipe Band, one of the oldest pipe bands in the United States.[86]. [105], The city is the home of the Zeiterion Performing Arts Center, the home venue of the New Bedford Symphony Orchestra. Worcester is also the western terminus of the Framingham/Worcester commuter rail line run by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Fenway is by far our favourite ballpark now!! The region's version of Spectrum News 1, which over the years has expanded from a community access channel to a regional cable news channel, is based in the community. Between these two islands lies one of the three sections, the central section, of the New Bedford-Fairhaven Bridge. New Bedford has historically been a major city for whaling and commercial fishing, and remains an important site for the latter to this day. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. In 1952, the lake played host to the National Olympic rowing trials. The New Bedford Fire Museum is housed in a red-brick building, formerly Fire Station No. The most significant of these merchants was Joseph Rotch, who bought 10 acres (four hectares) of land in 1765 from Joseph Russell III on which he and his sons ran the family business. For decades, he rocked radio stations in NYC, Miami, Detroit, Philly, DC, and KC. A place to talk about the music of the Grateful Dead, The Latin Dead w/John Kadlecik & Oscar Hernandez. Radio stations based in Worcester include WCHC, WCUW, WSRS, WTAG, WWFX, WICN and WXLO. After that, the airport encountered years of spotty commercial service, but it has since been given new life with the arrival of jetBlue, Delta Air Lines, and American Airlines. Low-voltage power distribution and electrical installation technology In ensuring smooth operation of digital production environments and in the construction and operation of industrial or commercial buildings, the underlying power distribution and industrial controls are decisive. [1] The band is sometimes referred to as the New Riders or as NRPS. [33], In 2004, Berkeley Investments proposed demolishing the old Worcester Center Galleria for a new mixed-used development called City Square. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. The city of New Bedford is currently protected 24/7, 365 by the city of New Bedford Fire Department(NBFD). The Horticultural Society's former headquarters is now the Worcester Historical Museum, dedicated to the cultural, economic, and scientific contributions of the city to American society. However, owing to pollution concerns, it was closed in the 1990s. The 9-member Council became 11, 6 at-large and 1 from each city district. In 1997, the New Riders of the Purple Sage split up. [79], In 2021, Joseph Lopes was re-elected to a second consecutive term as president of the City Council.[80]. As a result, New Bedford supplanted Nantucket as the nation's preeminent whaling port, and so began the Golden Age of Whaling. The New Bedford Fire Department currently maintains and operates a fire apparatus fleet of six Engines, three Ladders, one Fireboat, one Air Cascade Unit, one Foam Trailer, and one ARFF Crash Rescue Unit (cross staffed by Engine 7) based at New Bedford Regional Airport and 4 reserve apparatus (3 engines, 1 ladder). The early Bedford Village quickly became a commercial zone and from there became a major whaling and foreign trade port. During the first half of the 19th century, New Bedford was one of the world's most important whaling ports. OBO - Carvin, Friedman, Eleven, AMT, Epiphone, etc, Vintage Slingerland Radio King 30's 40's Snare Drum, Seymour Duncan TELE Custom Shop BG1400 Billy Gibbons Pickup. [57] A secondary hotel, New Bedford Harbor Hotel, opened during the summer of 2018. There are three Catholic schools within the city, operated by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fall River. In October 2013, Worcester was found to be the number five city for investing in a rental property. [citation needed], Worcester has the following sister cities:[114], See also: Higher Education Consortium of Central Massachusetts, Clockwise from top: The Worcester Skyline, the, The City of the Seven Hills, The Heart of the Commonwealth, Wormtown, Woo-town, The Woo, This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties. He would later go on to form the American Antiquarian Society in Worcester in 1812.[15]. Around this time, Garcia was similarly inspired to take up the pedal steel guitar, and an informal line-up including Dawson, Garcia, and Peninsula folk veteran Peter Grant (on banjo) began playing coffeehouse and hofbrau concerts together when the Grateful Dead were not touring. Dawson retired from music and moved to Mexico to become an English teacher. It is located on the Acushnet River in what is known as the South Coast region. JJ Walker is '70s Fun! Worcester's humid continental climate (Kppen: Dfb) is typical of New England. ", "New Bedford Population Above 100,000, Fall River Reaches 94,000", "New Bedford is America's most lucrative fishing port for 20th straight year", "Evolution of Old Dartmouth - New Bedford Whaling Museum", "A Deed Appointed to be Recorded. Worcester's colleges have long histories and many notable achievements in collegiate sports. In recent years, Becker's video game design program was consistently ranked in the top 10 in the U.S. and Canada. The city has successfully resettled over 2,000 refugees coming from over 24 countries. Three companies, OffshoreMW, Deepwater Wind, and DONG Energy, have leased portions of New Bedford's Marine Commerce Terminal for the staging of turbines and platforms. Worcester now hosts the Massachusetts Pirates, an indoor football team in the Indoor Football League (where they are the defending United Bowl champions, which started in 2018 at the DCU Center. The city is about 40 miles (64km) west of Boston, 50 miles (80km) east of Springfield, and 38 miles (61km) northwest of Providence, Rhode Island. He hates sushi, cant recall being abducted by aliens, but has vivid memories of his 1972 Dodge Dart Swinger. Worcester has many traditionally ethnic neighborhoods, including Quinsigamond Village (Swedish), Shrewsbury Street (Italian), Kelley Square (Irish and Polish), Vernon Hill (Lithuanian), Union Hill (Jewish), and Main South (Puerto Rican, Dominican, and Vietnamese). In addition to Nelson, Dawson (on acoustic guitar), and Garcia (continuing to play pedal steel), the original line-up of the band that came to be known as the New Riders of the Purple Sage (a nod to the Foy Willing-led Western swing combo from the 1940s, Riders of the Purple Sage, which borrowed its name from the Zane Grey novel) consisted of Alembic Studio engineer Bob Matthews on electric bass and Mickey Hart of the Grateful Dead on drums; bassist Phil Lesh also played sporadically with the ensemble in lieu of Matthews through the end of the year, as documented by the late 1969 demos later included on the Before Time Began archival release.