Make sure that the record is centrally placed on the lazy Susan. In early production versions the recordings were done on the outside surface of a strip of tinfoil wrapped around a rotating metal cylinder. His first trial consisted of tinfoil wrapped around a hard cylinder. It can be made tighter this way than if the sides of the diaphragm support when it rests on the With the shiny side down, using a sharp razor, start at the mark on the dull side and cut, forming a chisel taper to the end. The Remove the foil diaphragm and the needle from the funnel and replace it with a balloon or latex covering. By the 1880s wax cylinders were mass marketed. Allow the adhesive to dry completely (overnight, preferably) before placing the belt over the pulleys. 7-Cut a "V" groove into the surface, until it just forms a fully pointed Which diaphragm membrane produces the best sound? This means that the sound is represented by ones and zeroes. 110 Phonograph Cylinder Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images Images Images Creative Editorial Video Creative Editorial FILTERS CREATIVE EDITORIAL VIDEO 110 Phonograph Cylinder Premium High Res Photos Browse 110 phonograph cylinder stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. We're delighted to learn that one of our site visitors, Phonographs - Der Grammophondoktor 332 subscribers The Edison Phonograph Guide: This is a tutorial on how to use an Edison Cylinder Phonograph to make home recordings on blank wax. has successfully used these instructions to build six tinfoil Thank you. Make the The brass screws match the shaft, Making a Leather Belt for Your Cylinder Phonograph, Taking Care of your Diamond Disc Reproducer, How to Glue Cloth Material to the Back of a Grille. the crank knob, the machine will have been made from one gaskets, with thin paper as the ones that mate to the You shouted a short message into the piece on one side of the cylinder while you turned the handle. Everybody loves listening to musicfrom rock to classical to punk, everybody has a style of music that appeals to them. Hold it so the block There is a Hold the pen against a rotating piece of cardboard. Make the arm for the needle&tube from wood or put the needle on something with less weight like a plastic cup - it will do 2. thicker tinfoil You can get it in some shops. Later records were shaped like discs, or large CDs. Set the speed to 33 rotations per minute (rpm). 2-Align paper mould so exactly 5" of the threaded end is out of the mould removed later if needed. Tin can with foil diaphragm and needle assembly. 6-Turn down the diameter to 4 1/2".Patch any air bubbles with plaster, can benefit from his experiences: * * Each donation will help us continue to create more videos. Several years The cylinder was turned manually by a hand crank. In July 1912, Columbia stopped distributing cylinder records. Thank you for your support! The records used in this experiment will be permanently damaged, so don't use someone's favorite record album. The original phonograph had two needles or styluses; one for recording and one for playback. When tracing them out, be sure to keep the two pieces Get belt material that is about one inch longer than the distance around both pulleys. Inside this piece was a needle. diaphragm support. a really inexpensive way to build a crane for the cylinder phonograph, as well as making a horn to get you up and running. 15.00 + 65.81 P&P. Phonograph Gramophone Turntable Small Portable Made In France. instructions Make sure that the rims of your can are smooth and free of sharp burrs. the curves and area where the diaphragm support goes. A video that will show how it works will be out as soon as possible. Try to use just one track or song on the record. Wax Cylinder (late 1880s - c. 1915) It goes between the diaphragm and cylinder, After you have listened to the sound with the can-and-needle assembly and have confirmed that you can hear sound, remove the needle, rubber bands, and foil from the can. When The foil will rest flat on the surface this These forms are an analog method of listening to music and sound. The first ones were in the shape of a cylinder, with the music on the outside. Carefully insert the needle onto the first groove of the album. goes in straight and can't "walk". Thank you. x11 124.05. 1/8" should do fine. Use a piece of Scotch tape and tape half of the needle down to the foil-covered opening. A needle on the other side could play back what you had just recorded. In the Beginning. Make sure the bar is and if flat headed screws are used, shows the hardware of Sony is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. How To Record A Phonograph Cylinder: Making A Cornet Solo - "Waltz La Serenata" 17,594 views Aug 12, 2012 290 Dislike Share Save SemperPhonographCo 861 subscribers Here is an instructional. brass tubing, available from McMaster-Carr of N.J. turned cylinder: Use .065" thick walled 3/4" O.D. Of phonograph horns and cylinder records spinning on mandrels, Edison phonographs prior to 1902 a leather drive belt an. Place a record on the turntable. $195.00. (the image shows the leather strips length the distance around both pulleys and an additional 1 to spare). See Figure 2. See Figure 2. You should now have a tin tube. Edison experimented with a diaphragm, which had an embossing point held against a metal cylinder, wrapped with tin foil. Please subscribe to my channel and check out my other videos! very fine piece of sandpaper glued to a smooth strip of him an email here. Later phonographs played records. that nowadays! Use a scale of 1 to 3, where 1 is "Too Soft," 2 is "Just Right," and 3 is "Too Loud." For a lathe bottom of each standard. to find an old American made one, if possible! The balloon top forms a latex diaphragm. all rock, all country, all classical, etc. Check your local thrift shop to find record albums, or you can try garage sales or flea markets. He noticed that when he ran a needle over the indentations, running at a high enough speed, he could hear sounds. area so the shaft is easy to install. Tape the needle back onto the latex diaphragm. 9.50 + 61.74 P&P. Gramophone phonograph rare 1919, phonograph theatre. Your voice would make the needle shake, or vibrate. won't chip going through. Ca. Science Buddies Staff. The first phonograph was invented in 1877 at the Menlo Park lab. Use a piece of Scotch tape and tape half of the needle down to the foil-covered opening. . 4-When hardened up, remove mould and bake for two hours very gentle heat aligns as the first one did, exactly in the "L" guide. Here are some tips he's written up so that others looking to use that for marking out a crank. Use a stopwatch to count how many rotations happen in a minute before you start. Discard the ends. This is a modern re-creation of the famous Thomas Edison Cylinder Phonograph. Can you see the vibrations of your voice? 2-Cut a 1" thick board 15" long and 4 13/16" wide, then Figure 1. Now remove the needle from the latex and undo the rubber bands. Each time Disc phonographs using a direct system of gears turned more evenly; the heavy metal turntable of disc machines acted as a flywheel, helping to minimize speed wobble. 1878. Scientific American Supplement of July 20, 1878. that has a good fit, and doesn't have a lot of play. When you spoke into the mouthpiece (or horn), the sound vibrations from your voice would make the diaphragm vibrate and the stylus connected to the diaphragm would make a groove in the foil-covered cylinder as it rotated. Try to limit the can explain more fully later, but it's one of many "little . eager to correspond and swap ideas with others interested in time as identical. Vinyl record albums (34). The cylinder phonograph only matured into a series of stable products in the late 1890s during which a range of spring-powered phonographs was introduced. When Have your volunteers rank the sound that they hear from each of the assemblies. Drilling it about 4-Drill the 3/4" shaft hole where marked. Phones are monitored as staff are available with messages being checked Wednesday - Sunday. diaphragm is larger and placed over the recess. Now repeat the experiment with all of your volunteers, using the four different assemblies discussed above. How did Alexander Graham Bell improve upon Edison's phonograph? What is the difference between the phonograph and the Graphophone? Refer to the Materials and Equipment list for more details. Try to choose records from the same category of music, i.e. pattern than if cut from separate stock. These are for the two upright standards. Please enter a search term in the text box. 300.00 + 80.36 P&P. I think it 1-Make the paper mould 5" in diameter, and 4 1/2" wide. 3-Make the plaster "soupy" and not stiff so it will pour without voids. For the All rights reserved. 5. West Orange To investigate whether simple materials can be put together to play back sound from a vinyl record album, and to determine which materials produce the best sound. He struck gold with the phonograph on July 18 of 1877 with his initial test of the invention - though it wasn't intended to be used for any kind of musical recording. Repeat step 5 with the latex diaphragm and confirm that you can hear sound. A video that will show how. Apply some pressure to hold the chisel taper ends. He called his machine the phonograph. Yet this man invented the first machine that could capture sound and play it back. First, the grooves need to be cut so the I phonograph cylinders. You want the groove into the to the block, and crank slowly. Colorful Melting Ice Ball Patterns - STEM Activity, Basic Circuits Kit: Conductors and Insulators. ago, we placed a set of The above images show the diaphragm and stylus bar and should help prospective phonograph builders with this important part of the apparatus. In 1877, French scientist Christopher Cros developed the theory of phonography. perfectly identical. This video is about the tin foil phonograph that I made. oriented so the grain is the same. Elmer's glue, and not crazy glue, so it can be easily so the cylinder diameter is 4 1/2" to use as a template. We have a range of records in standard 2-minute, 4-minute and 5-inch diameter Concert formats. clamped to the drill press. You need to go over the face with a very small Members enjoy full access to our digital Library, personal copies of our quarterly journal, discounts on our events and more. the "S-A" staff when they first heard it. somewhat it will be easier to use. (2020, November 20). for gluing a medium fine strip of sandpaper to. Holding the belting with the chisel tapers overlapping, this should be the correct distance around the pulleys. , Walkman is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. How does the speed of the turntable or the lazy Susan affect the vibrations? really is neat that these still can be made. Do not coat it with paraffin! Place a thin shim stock [thick paper, or something similar] under both But as the technology was improved, a great variety of selections could be recorded. Before the diaphragm support hinge is installed on the certain way to finish off the cylinder so it is correct out true on a drill press, and not at an angle as a hand and true. Using the can opener, take off both ends of one of your tin cans. 319 views May 28,. diaphragm assembly: aluminum foil coated with Pledge before recording. at 120 to 140 degrees. 5-True up the threaded side of the plaster cylinder until 5 3/16"of Slip the rubber bands back onto the can in order to secure the balloon. What does the data above tell you? * * * You should hear sound from the record. Place a record on the turntable. (And we'd These wax cylinders were played on an early iteration of the phonograph, designed by Thomas Edison. + $176.65 shipping. print, and mark the wood there for a drilling reference. important process. Turntable or lazy Susan (1); go to you local thrift shop to find a turntable, or you can try garage sales or flea markets. 5-Before scrollsawing, use double sided scotch tape and tight. Device for the mechanical and analogue recording and reproduction of sound. The series was short-lived and appromimately 189 titles were issued. Phones are monitored as staff are available with messages being checked Wednesday - Sunday. We also make disc records, moulded in a hard wearing resin suitable for playing on vintage machines with a steel needle. Edison was intent on making a system that could record telephone messages. People would rush out to purchase their favorite music on a record album, put it on their record players and waltz, boogie, and disco the night away. Stamped Bettini s Patent how to make an ed His first trial consisted of tinfoil wrapped around a hard cylinder. Figure 2. Standard-sized cylinders, which tended to be 4.25 long and 2.1875 in diameter, were 50 cents each and typically played at 120 r.p.m. Keep the diaphragm support tight Also, the Starting with paper and playing with various materials and techniques, he and his associates arrived at a machine that recorded sounds through impressions on tinfoil wrapped around a cylinder. Five and one half thousandths thick aluminium printing Expand on the previous variation and try recording sound. 6. Hey, You." discuss these topics. Science Buddies Staff. When you do the second Try different sizes of needles. put a pin point hole through the center shaft area of the It was designed to allow historians and enthusiasts to play and digitally record wax cylinder recordings from the late 1800's using a modern modified stereo cartridge and stylus. But this is a relatively new way to represent sound. this way assures the two standards have the same grain phonographs of his own, one of which is pictured above. In order to find the Cylinder Phonograph card, simply head inside the Valentine Saloon where you will find the card sitting on the front windowsill, facing towards the street. When printing this document, you may NOT modify it in any way. If you like this project, you might enjoy exploring these related careers: You can find this page online at: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Music_p032/music/make-a-phonograph. cut that board exactly in half, yielding two 7 1/2" Drill one to a time, and A few of the earlier Amberola models, outside the scope of this series of articles, could be fitted with a two-minute reproducer; for more information, consult the Internet or the reference book The Edison Cylinder Phonographs 1877-1929 by George L. Frow and Albert F. Sefl. Instead of a needle, attach a ballpoint pen to the diaphragm and speak into the amplifier. + $43.94 shipping. Another very important part of this to me is the 9-Fashion a 1/8" thick x 6" long x 1/4" wide board that has one of the 3-Before scrollsawing, drill the pilot holes in the threaded shaft is exposed, then true up the opposite side 2-Align paper mould so exactly 5" of the threaded end is out of the mould area. This device, built by a mechanic named John Kruesi, was the first phonograph to be taken out of the lab. Chamfer the two sides if desired. you will be truing the cylinder to the frame, a very "Take a Musical Step Back in Time: Make Your Own Phonograph from Everyday Items.". It features a servo drive with timing belt transmission that drives both the mandrel and stylus. Charles Smith, If you are using a lazy Susan, then have your adult volunteer spin the lazy Susan so that the record spins at 33 rpms. Edmond Easton went with the phonograph production unit. Make sure the pieces are attached plate material is the best I've used for the diaphragm. Have the volunteer spin the lazy Susan to get a feel for how fast it spins. Although speeds can vary across the duration of a single recording due to inconsistencies, especially with home recordings. build machines based on the Scientific American plans The other half should hang off the edge. Eventually, the vibrating particles hit the eardrums in our ears and convert the vibrations into sound. kids at school really marvel at it. threaded as a square cut groove. the sides, and only one good coat on the face or the To play back the sound, the second stylus was aligned with the groove in the cylinder and the cylinder rotated. Collection of 49 Edison cylinder phonograph records. The vibrations from the phonograph's diaphragm are amplified by the horn so that we can better hear the sound. Two-minute--black wax, celluloid. can be grasped near the bottom of the support. [citation needed] Your voice would make the needle shake, or vibrate. 1906 Thomas Edison Phonograph Wax Cylinder Player w/ "Morning Glory" Horn + MORE. Plus, your membership helps our all-volunteer staff keep machine and music collecting alive worldwide. The vibrations in the diaphragm set the particles of air around in vibrational motion. like to hear about your results as well!). 1-Blow up the side profile [with crank] on photocopier The deeper it's drilled will underneath. 8-Place the assembly in the frame, and tighten the hold down caps appropriate thing to use. 10-With the diaphragm holder off the machine, and the standards square, A standard system was decided upon by Edison Records, Columbia Phonograph, and other companies in the late 1880s. Many cylinder phonographs used a belt to turn the mandrel; slight slippage of this belt could make the mandrel turn unevenly, thus resulting in pitch fluctuations. In the earliest stages of phonograph manufacturing, various incompatible, competing types of cylinder recordings were made. How to do that ? 5 Edison Blue Amberol. 3. It will work a lot smoother if the shaft is securely. Phillips screws weren't invented then, and points. place a scrap piece of wood underneath so the drill bit He's Physicist and collector Bob Lillquist shows us an early wax cylinder machine developed by Thomas Edison (the 2 minute long. In 1857, Edouard-Leon Scot de Martinville devised and patented a phonoautograph. authentic machine. Then, carefully align the chisel taper to form the complete belt. Does the size of the needle affect the sound you hear? that your fingernail will easily indent, and not yellow It works better, but still You need to lubricate the surface with oil. Antique Edison Amberola 30 Phonograph Cylinder Music Player w/18 music Cylinders. edge groove. process is complete. The early Edison cylinders could only hold about two minutes of music. Columbia split into two companies, one to make records and the other to make phonographs. way. Once your volunteer gets a feeling for how fast 33 rpms is, he or she should try to stick to spinning the lazy Susan at that same speed for the rest of the experiment. actual diaphragm. And the ability to mass produce cylinders meant the . * * *. In the Beginning. The phonograph was conceived by Thomas Edison on 18 July 1877 for recording telephone messages, his first test using waxed paper. Genres include opera, popular music, minstrel songs, waltzes . Make sure the side secure, and tight on the baseplate, place the sandpaper The foil will act as the diaphragm and vibrate. And when I first bring . plans. The PBS.org reference in the Bibliography gives details on how to record sound. Make sure that the foil doesn't rip or tear because it won't be able to vibrate properly in that condition. But when was the beginning of listening to recorded music? Average the data from the table above and record the data in a table like the one shown below. Our team of volunteer scientists can help. If it's 3/16" wide across is good. Which amplifier shape produces the best sound? Repeat step 5 with a new track on the record or a new record. this sounds quite good, is really easy and inexpensive to build,. "mallet" about 3/32" tall. 4-When hardened up, remove mould and bake for two hours very gentle heat at 120 to 140 degrees. . Now hold the can-and-needle assembly close to the spinning record, at an angle. NJ 12-The cylinder can be painted with oil based paint. Michelle Maranowski, PhD, Science Buddies. Phonograph. Find the original instructions from 1878 here. Form a loop, shiny side to the outside, meeting the untapered side to the mark where the taper begins, and make another pencil mark on the shiny side. pine which isn't as flexible. Since make a "L" bracket as a guide and support from wood The kind of media that is used in these devices is digital. A assortment of selections were featured on the cylinders, including marches, sentimental ballads, coon songs, hymns, comic monologues and descriptive specialties, which offered sound reenactments of events. 4. In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the transition from phonograph cylinders to flat discs with a spiral groove running from the periphery to near the center, coining the term gramophone for disc record players, which is predominantly used in many languages. Who invented the replacement for the phonograph cylinder? As with discs, the finer the groove the more information is stored, and the slower the speed of rotation for proper playback. Do you have specific questions about your science project? General Making a Leather Belt for Your Cylinder Phonograph Posted on April 25, 2022 by John Nagy 1. The Gillett Phonograph project19: How to make phonograph cylinders. It eventually became the Dictaphone Corporation. BTC: bc1qy0fckdlk40akcr5w448qyh274r9sjur89afydm 1HK8u64uASm33fcD5pZMAPbQgtFoKPsisEETH: 0x90D2a9eF3926d7a25535AB9470Ab082631d94390DOGE: DRe771NYydeVJbBiNEwamt44xkFa2oW74L Turn on the turntable. *. Other inventors experimented with sound reproduction, including Alexander Graham Bell, who pioneered the idea of using wax cylinders instead of tinfoil. building their own tinfoil phonographs; if that's you, drop Phonograph production was moved to Connecticut. light coat of spray varnish, including the gasketed area and you crank it through several or more times. The wax cylinder was the first real commercial sound reproducer. Try to record the impression of sound. I use PVC shower liner for gaskets as the outside Tin cans, emptied and completely cleaned out (3); try to find cans of different sizes and shapes, like soup cans and small tomato paste cans. so it will be smooth. After just a few plays, the tin-foil would tear up and the message could no longer be played. Exercise caution when using, handling, and attaching the sewing needle to the membrane. (Courtesy of The Library of Congress.). * Vital phonograph in Ren Rondeau's collection, and that he gaskets so when the diaphragm holding plate is resting on Secure the foil on the end of the can with two rubber bands. If you can't find a turntable, you can purchase a lazy Susan at your local home goods store. With a sharp pencil, mark the distance around the pulleys on the dull part of the belt from one end to the other. width to that. what's needed, and save some of the 1 13/16" material for While trying to create an "answering machine" to record phone messages, he invented the tinfoil phonograph, the earliest machine to record sound. Download the official NPS app before your next visit. What is not different about people is how we listen to music. wood. For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. He struck gold with the phonograph on July 18 of 1877 with his initial test of the invention - though it wasn't intended to be used for any kind of musical recording. shows, when installed. Why was this an improvement? obtains good results using real tinfoil or heavy duty Make the thickness and amount of Inside this piece was a needle. Too much or too thick of a Grooved Cylinder This audio format type consists of a grooved phonograph cylinder composed of wax or plastic. don't reflect the period when it was made. Back to the Electric Light System Motion Pictures, 211 Main Street sits flat. No one is really sure just how Edison lost most of his hearing. If a ranger is unavailable to take your call, we kindly ask that you leave us a detailed message with return contact information and we will be happy to get back to you as soon as possible. Also have each volunteer rank how clear the sound (called. Joining the Antique Phonograph Society is one of the best investments in machine and music collecting you can make. We use CD players, MP3 players, and even telephones to listen to music. 1-Make the paper mould 5" in diameter, and 4 1/2" wide. The stylus would also move up and down, making indentations in the groove, as it vibrated, due to the sound vibrations. I have found that using brass flat headed screws makes a genuine If you can get a 1 13/16" Put some foil over the narrow opening of the funnel and secure the foil with some rubber bands. Preferably using contact adhesive for leather (I use Beacon 527 multi-use glue), smear some glue on both contact sides and let set for a while according to the directions on the contact adhesive tube. Repeat step 5 with the funnel, foil, and needle assembly and confirm that you can hear sound. 973-736-0550 you made the two pieces identically in height, you can 7. It is curious that, despite the fact that the image of clockwork motor wound by a crank-handle is iconic of the phonograph, clockwork motors were not introduced until the late nineties. This gave him the idea to make a machine that would record sounds by making indentations in a material with a needle and playing back the sound by running the needle over the indentations. Take a piece of aluminum foil and wrap it tightly over one end of the can, but don't make it so tight that the foil tears or rips. thick piece, six feet long,and12" wide, and plane down $197.50. + shipping. sand VERY lightly with the circumference, and let dry. Cylinder. In this physics science fair project, you will experiment with playing back sound from a vinyl record. It may take a few tries before you get the placement correct, but keep trying and don't give up. After that, cut out the crank handle from the template and vertical and straight to the diaphragm, as the print attach the pieces together, so you'll be cutting them one As nouns the difference between phonograph and graphophone is that phonograph is literally, a device that captures sound waves onto an engraved archive; a lathe while graphophone is an improvement on the phonograph, using a floating stylus to cut grooves into a wax-coated cardboard cylinder. coat will reduce the spring action of the wood. How does the phonograph's playback feature work? Reproduction of material from this website without written permission is strictly prohibited. parallel plane to the cylinder. In 1878, Edison established the Edison Speaking Phonograph Company to handle selling his invention. front and back edges don't have to be scrollsawed, just He saw his initial invention as a tool that could be used to help with the recording of important business meetings, and a way to preserve languages. To find old vinyl record albums, you might have to visit thrift shops and secondhand stores. Disc phonographs using a direct system of gears turned more evenly; the heavy metal turntable of disc machines acted as a flywheel, helping to minimize speed wobble. We make hard-wearing, plastic cylinder records for use on Edison, Columbia and similar cylinder phonographs. In fact, the phonograph was his favorite invention. 1/4" faces sanded smooth and square [no ripples or warps] Other inventors spent the 1880s making improvements on the phonograph, and finally, in 1887, Edison turned his attention back to it. Compare the loudness and clarity that you get from them with the different membranes. We use cookies and those of third party providers to deliver the best possible web experience and to compile statistics. Hold the can lightly and don't push the needle too hard into the album groove. work. 2. Edison loved the phonograph so much that he called it his "baby". By Stanley, May 4, 2021 in Cylinder Records. drill will do, so the diaphragm will be at the same and it takes a lot more volume to record. Different people like different music. 810. How to operate an Edison cylinder phonograph - YouTube 0:00 / 3:29 810. This machine could record sound, but could not play the sound back. won't work as well because it doesn't have the support With a sharp pencil, mark the distance around the pulleys on the dull part of the belt from one end to the other. Starting in 1905 the Columbia Phonograph Co. released a series of six-inch long Twentieth Century Talking Machine Record cylinders that played for three minutes rather than the usual two minutes. It will make it easier to compare the level of sound. and diaphragm support. 3-Make the plaster "soupy" and not stiff so it will pour without voids. If the paint is thinned Two coats on take more gasket thickness. 07052. You may print and distribute up to 200 copies of this document annually, at no charge, for personal and classroom educational use. Then mark out the hinge area for Use white pine, the kind That is why the tin-foil recordings cannot be played anymore. LIGHT amount of plaster dust is removed. With the scissors, cut off the narrow part of the balloon and stretch it over the opening where the foil used to be. Donations are greatly appreciated! Tape the needle onto the latex, in the same manner as you did with the foil. If a ranger is unavailable to take your call, we kindly ask that you leave us a detailed message with return contact information and we will be happy to get back to you as soon as possible. the sharp "V" groove is sanded into a truncated groove the Edison was intent on making a system that could record telephone messages. directly to the diaphragm side of the bar, and use a very If the groove is too pointed, the foil Put the diaphragm into the recess rather than over it, This way there will be a lot less long. Share. The process of refining and marketing the phonograph is similar to the development of the Audio Spotlight. The standard cylinders were most commonly either 2 minutes or 4 minutes in length. slightly larger than the needle you will be using, and use Thomas Alva Edison seated with his invention, the phonograph. online for building a tinfoil phonograph, copied from the The sound vibrations would go through the needle and make a line, or groove, into the tin-foil. This way, there is a little clearance on After tracing, until the width is exactly 4". The articles "The Incredible Talking Machine", "History of the Cylinder Phonograph" and "Psst . Too wide and the sensitivity is lost, he chose the deep red color for his mandrel based on a French 11- Crank several or more times from left to right so every time a VERY all sides where the three pieces meet and it won't have a (the image shows the chisel taper cut within the extra inch of leather mentioned earlier). groove is truncated, and not a sharp point, so the foil Welcome. If you enjoyed the video, don't forget to share!Donation button can be found the the \"About\" page. - YouTube 0:00 / 19:05 The Gillett Phonograph project19: How to make phonograph cylinders. Free P&P. 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