Shubha is a skilled researcher and can write plagiarism free articles with a high Grammarly score. Project Management Best Practices PMP Resources. about Crypto Winter: Where To Trade Online? Estimate at completion (EAC) predicts total costs, while estimate to complete (ETC) predicts the money a project still needs. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. They determine the total cost of production is $541,000. The following equation gives project management formula to calculate cost to crash. The total cost is the combined fixed and variable costs for a batch of goods or services. At the 1,000-unit production level, the total cost of the production is: ($10 Average fixed cost + $3 Average variable cost) x 1,000 Units = $13,000 Total cost. Such a decision can be taken after the time-cost trade off, i.e. Subtract the average variable cost from average total costs. WebTotal Cost = Total Fixed Cost + Total Variable Cost It can also be represented in a more advanced way as, Total Cost = (Average fixed cost + Average variable cost) x Number of units This was all about the total cost formula, which is a very important concept for determining the total cost of production. There are four variations of the cost variance formula used in earned value management (EVM). In the short term increasing production requires more variable input, usually assumed to be labor. You can use the total cost function formula to determine the exact production cost of a fixed number of goods or services within the time frame. Companies recalculate their fixed costs periodically to ensure profitability. Post-Award ManagementContact Us You need to understand different cost factors and how it affects profitability. In these instances, the percentage rate of indirect on total project costs will be lower than the standard method method of calculating percentage of indirect costs on total direct costs. Actually, the same fixed cost will probably apply across a broad range of unit volumes, so the average fixed cost figure could vary wildly. 0:56. Average fixed cost is the fixed cost of production divided by the number of goods produced. It declines initially but eventually rises. There are a number of project management formulas to perform quantitative analysis, but from pmp exam point of view there are a few important ones. ProjectManager is a cloud-based project management software that keeps your projects costs within budget. Total cost in economics = fixed cost variable costs + opportunity costs. Find average variable costs are calculating by dividing the total variable cost by the quantity produced. Adding more labor to a fixed capital cost reduces the marginal cost of labor. It is the sum of total fixed costs and total variable costs. Area of squares or rectangular walls. Let's get started! Subtraction method this method requires average total costs and average variable costs. Let us take another example where the depreciation cost and rental expenses are $15,000 and $5,000 respectively. In case I have missed any important formula please do let me know. A Quick Guide, How to Create a Project Roadmap (Example Included). Target Price = Target Cost + Target Fee Final Fee = [ (Target Cost Actual Some variable costs are. We need to deduct fixed costs and divide them by Q. What Is a Cost Baseline in Project Management? crashing the network, when we will arrive at the least cost duration. Change in cost is calculating by deducting original production cost with new production costs. In this section, we discuss how to calculate average variable costs. In other words, it is how much actual costs vary from budgeted costs. The total cost can be shown by the following chart: Indirect Cost is further sub-divided in Fixed and Variable, depending upon the incidence of cost. These may differ depending on the nature of the business. Most projects have all four, and each can contribute to overall cost variance: Related: Free Project Budget Template for Excel. "This gives us a very clear picture of While Direct Cost is directly related to the project and, within project, to the relevant activity, the indirect cost is, in general, incurred by the organisation with the top heavy functional heads and proportionate amount of the cost are charged to the project cost as recovery of organisational overheads. Project management formulas to calculate Estimate to complete (ETC) to complete the balance work. In the service industry, labor costs are the biggest component of total variable costs. The total cost is the total production cost. How to calculate the total variable cost? UTICA, N.Y. The City of Utica is going back to the drawing board for the Valley View renovation project after officials determined the work will cost nearly double what they In this section, we elaborate on how to calculate total fixed costs. Fixed costs are independent of the number of goods being produced. The previous cost estimate, from 2020, was $3.2 billion to $4.8 billion. Also read: What is fund accounting, key principles, & responsibilities. When we deal with the elements of the project cost, we will find that other than direct material (including consumable tools and spares etc. The average total cost formula. Some examples of the fixed cost of production are selling expense, rent expense, depreciation cost, etc. 2,68,000 at a project duration of 18 time units and 2. Indirect rate = $42,307 IC/$150,000 DC = 28.21% on total direct costs (remember to add TC, equipment costs and dollars over $25K for each subcontract back into total costs after determining indirect costs). Ratio of sum of present value of all cash inflows to project cash outflow. The following paragraphs lists various formulas in project procurement management. A small saving can add up considerably in a period. Once the percentage of indirect costs on total direct costs is determined, you can use this rate to apply it as a regular indirect rate on modified total direct costs. These costs come in many different forms, from the cost of materials to simply the cost of doing business (rent, salaries, etc.). The average variable cost curve is U-shaped. The variable cost formula = Total variable costs/ number of units produced. For activities with more than one preceding activity ES is latest of the earliest finish times of the preceding activities. Image Guidelines 5. NFTs are unique and . Businesses costs can be broadly classified into fixed and variable costs. It has two components the fixed costs and variable costs. Consider a company whose total cost formula is represented by, We can convert the total cost function to function for average variable cost by. Solving for a complete cost performance index (TCPI) is extremely helpful, especially if youre experiencing a high (negative) project variance. The formula used to calculate total manufacturing cost is: Total manufacturing cost = raw materials + labor costs + allocated manufacturing overhead. Mostly on time basis depending on the time spent on the relevant project charged at the man-hour rates developed for the respective cost centre. The total cost of a business is adding costs involved in the production of a certain quality. What is Formula to calculate Taxable Income. Here are how to find average variable costs. By closing this banner, scrolling this page, clicking a link or continuing to browse otherwise, you agree to our Privacy Policy, Explore 1000+ varieties of Mock tests View more, Special Offer - All in One Financial Analyst Bundle (250+ Courses, 40+ Projects) Learn More, You can download this Total Cost Formula Excel Template here , 250+ Online Courses | 40+ Projects | 1000+ Hours | Verifiable Certificates | Lifetime Access, All in One Financial Analyst Bundle- 250+ Courses, 40+ Projects, Investment Banking Course (123 Courses, 25+ Projects), Financial Modeling Course (7 Courses, 14 Projects), All in One Financial Analyst Bundle (250+ Courses, 40+ Projects). The average total costs are the total cost divided by the quantity produced. Privacy Policy 8. WebDefine Total Project Capital Costs. To find your TCPI, begin by subtracting your Fixed Cost = Total Cost (Variable Cost Per Unit * Units Produced). Increase in cost due to reduction of time; overtime paid on direct labour (the rate of overtime being much higher than the normal hourly rate), extra rates paid to subcontractor etc. The marginal cost function is derivative of the total cost function C(x). Total cost TC = AVC + AFC) X Quantity of goods, Total variable cost is the aggregate of all the variable costs associated with the cost of selling in the period. Run checks on anyone with an email | Completely free and online | Fixed costs are your expenses that are not affected by business sales or production. Some examples of the variable cost of production are labour cost, raw material cost, etc. Variable costs changes with production. Est imating project cost is an important part of project management. Fixed costs are the costs incurred regardless of the volume of goods produced. In terms of variable costs, the company produces 2000 widgets at $10 per unit. PORTSMOUTH The City Council is in a real mess after receiving cost estimates for the proposed redevelopment of the Thomas J. McIntyre federal building that Need to share this information with stakeholders? It has a utility bill of $ 1000. The term total cost refers to the overall cost of production that involves both fixed and variable components of cost. Fixed costs are not permanent but any changes will not be directly related to output. Also Read: Stock Consultant | An ultimate read for best results. You can use the following Total Cost Calculator, This is a guide to Total Cost Formula. Copyright 10. Present Value (PV) = Future Value (FV) / (1+k)N, NPV = [Sum of present value of all future cash inflows] [Cash outflow], While evaluating two or more projects select the project with greater NPV. A TCPI is an index that shows you how resources must be used for the rest of a project in order to come in under or on budget. Also read: Tax accounting Basics on tax accounting & 5 key principles. Mathematically, it is represented as, Start Your Free Investment Banking Course, Download Corporate Valuation, Investment Banking, Accounting, CFA Calculator & others. Often on actual basis, e.g. that cost which do not change with the change in the level of production. We calculate marginal costs by computing the change in production costs divided by the change in the number of goods produced. The total cost is the cost of producing the specific level of output factoring in all the costs of production. Also read: What is public accounting & what are the important services offered? A cost performance index (CPI) is a metric used to judge how well resources are being used in a project. TOS 7. 100 Venture Way, Suite 201 Marginal costs formula = change in costs/ change in quantity. Also read: Total revenue formula [ With Examples]. A cost function is a relationship between cost and quantity. I hope I have compiled as many formulas as possible. Explanation and use of these formulas is covered in different post. There are several problems with the total cost formula, which are as follows: Limited range for average fixed cost. One of the best ways to avoid cost overrun is by calculating cost variance. Cost, as a function of time, will vary with the change of time (project or activity time) but will not vary, maintaining a linear relationship with time. Shubha writes blogs, articles, off-page content, Google reviews, marketing email, press release, website content based on the keywords. In this post, we deep dive into this accounting concept. Working remotely? Calculating cost variance is how project managers track expenses to see if a project is under or over budget. Here we discuss how to calculate Total Cost along with practical examples. Corporate Valuation, Investment Banking, Accounting, CFA Calculator & others, 3 Statement Model Creation, Revenue Forecasting, Supporting Schedule Building, & others, Total Cost Formula Excel Template, This website or its third-party tools use cookies, which are necessary to its functioning and required to achieve the purposes illustrated in the cookie policy. With the reduction of time, some costs will decrease while some others will increase. The data for the illustrated project are: 1. Project management formulas for Early Start (ES) if the convention that project starts on day one is adopted. The concept of the total cost of production is very important to understand from the perspective of production managers because it helps in the assessment of overall profit margin at a different level of production. Want to learn what is total cost formula? Project management formulas for Late Finish (LS) if the convention that project starts on day oneis adopted. Calculating your fixed costs is simple. Learn more about ProjectManager and how it can improve your business, Discover app combinations that improve your productivity, Set milestones, connect dependencies and track progress, Collect and view real-time data on your work for key insights, Manage portfolios, align objectives and get high-level overviews, Generate in-depth, easy-to-read reports to share progress, Prioritize and execute your work with transparency and agility, Organize and manage your tasks to boost team productivity, Share files, add comments, and work together in real-time, Create automated workflows and improve productivity, For small-to-medium teams that need to manage robust projects, For medium-to-large teams that need to optimize portfolios, For organizations that need customized security and priority support, Reduce lead time, ensure quality and perfect your process, Create schedules, manage crews and deliver under budget, Streamline IT processes and scale up with ease, Plan projects, track progress and manage resources, Build comprehensive project plans and organize tasks, Manage backlogs, create workflows and execute sprints, Schedule and assign work to bring your project in on time, Assign resources, balance workload and move forward, Manage your teams, collaborate and track progress, Take control of your work from start to finish, Track your teams time, whether theyre on-site or remote, Learn more about our company and our mission, Join us in transforming how work gets done, Watch video tutorials for ProjectManagers features, Read the industry-leading blog on work management, Get key insights on major topics in project management, Access documentation on using ProjectManager, Accelerate delivery on your next IT project, Keep track of all the phases of your build, Kickoff your next launch with a premade plan, Plan your sprints with out-of-the-box workflows, Make your next marketing campaign a success, Sync work across all your devices and access it on the go. A cost variance equation subtracts actual cost from earned value to solve for this number. When project managers have this earned value analysis information, they can make the necessary adjustments to stay on track. She has written articles on tourism, horoscopes, medical conditions and procedures, SEO and digital marketing, graphic design, and technical articles. Following the principle explained in A above, any increase in time will result in increased indirect cost. Thus, the more units ordered, the lower the variable cost per unit will be. Finance / October 8, 2021 by Shubha Roy / Leave a Comment. It is not difficult to get total variable costs. Take a look at the four youre most likely to see. We calculate average fixed costs by dividing the total fixed costs by the output level. They then match that figure with the one they charged their client. We compute the fixed costs over a set period. The change in costs can increase or decrease with the volume change. Time in implementation of a project is very much related to the project cost. In an EVM system, the goal of cost management is to establish whether a variance is positive, negative or zero. Cost Performance Index (CPI) = Earned Value (EV) / Actual Cost (AC). XYZ company has a fixed cost $10,000 and a variable cost of $3 per unit. Average cost starts high because of the low denominator. Project leaders believe tolls will pay for $1.3 billion to $1.6 billion of the costs, federal grants will account for up to $1.6 billion, existing state funding will make up $100 It helps you determine if you need to adjust pricing, reduce cost, and helps you identify diversifying opportunities. has the meaning set forth in Exhibit 5.2(c). Accordingly, cost is very much related with time; depending upon the function of time when the time is represented in X-abscissa and cost in Y-ordinate, the cost will change along with the change of time. We will look at total cost formula and examples. These calculations are part of a technique called earned value management (EVM). Also read:PMP Certification Exam Changes 2019. Least cost duration, showing the lowest project cost of Rs. To begin a realistic saving plan, business leaders need to study the companys spending patterns. The graph gradually goes down before rising again. of Units Produced. The formula for total cost can be derived by adding the total fixed cost to the total variable cost. On the other hand, the raw material costs and labour costs of production per unit $4 and $2 per unit. The above table also indicates that, after certain point of time, i.e. Calculation: Direct costs/ (1 allowed indirect rate) = Total Costs Total costs - Direct costs = Indirect costs Example: A sponsor limits Indirect Costs (IC) to 22% of total costs Today, Greg Johnson, the IPR administrator, said the cost is likely to run $5 billion to $7.5 billion. technique called earned value management (EVM). All you need to add up all the fixed costs. The key is spotting them and making adjustments to stay on the right path. Content Filtrations 6. The formula is the average fixed cost per unit plus the average variable cost per unit, multiplied by the number of units. Least duration cost, showing the project cost when the project duration is minimum. To find the marginal cost, derive the total cost function to find C(x). To find your TCPI, begin by subtracting your earned value from your total budget. Project management formulas to calculate total float / free float. The graphical presentation of the table showing cost as a function of time will be: We will note from the above the cost-time curve and two important points: 1. The most common formula is the average of the three estimates, Step 3: Next, determine the level of production or the number of units produced. Saving money is a vital part of the business. This final BAC could then be used to better inform resource allocation, and gauge project performance throughout the life of the project. Instead, a fixed number of people are needed to staff a production line, and that group can handle a fairly wide range of unit volumes. The following paragraphs lists various formulas in project procurement management. We define costs as the value of money required to produce a product or deliver goods. It is calculated by taking the total change in the cost of producing more goods and dividing that by the change in the number of goods produced. This phenomenon the behaviour pattern of the total cost offers a wide range of choice to the management in arriving at a decision with regard to duration and cost. A TCPI is an index that shows you how resources must be used for the rest of a project in order to come in under or on budget. Try it today with this free 30-day trial. It is sum of total cost of goods divided by the number of goods, Formula to calculate marginal cost = change in total costs/change in quantity, Average cost = Total costs/ number of goods. To find the total variable cost you first need to identify all the variable costs associated with the specific production of the unit. Calculate the cost of raw materials. Variable purchasing costs are volume-based. Then, subtract your actual cost from the total budget. Try it today with this free 30-day trial. Create a budget report in only a few clicks to keep the team up to speed and making the best decisions together. Travelling Cost etc. Critical Path Analysis Forward and Backward Pass Calculations. Total variable costs are calculated for a period. This option is suitable if you have a list of expenses. Factors like total budget, actual costs, earned values and more are updated in real-time so that youre always seeing the most current data. We will illustrate this by a graphical presentation of a simple projected data. The total fixed cost is calculated over a short period like a month or six months. It is the sum of all fixed costs (cost of machinery, lease) and variable costs (cost of raw material and labor). Fixed costs are also called overhead costs or the money required to operate. Plagiarism Prevention 4. Indirect cost will be lower with the reduction of time and increase with the increase of time. In the event of a Hence, this post enumerates important mathematical formulas used in the field of Project Management. Net profit and margins calculation Each of these variance equations solves for different values, so its very important to understand all of them and what exactly they show. If they dont do this regularly, odds are the budget will suffer and their project will fail entirely. In this case, the company's total fixed costs would be $16,000. To correct for these issues, it is necessary to recalculate the total cost whenever the unit volume changes by a material amount. Marginal costs changes with changes in quantity of production. Begin by calculating the total cost of your raw materials. 2. A change in quantity is the increase or decrease in production level. to complete an activity earlier than the budgeted time are examples of such a situation. When buying raw materials and sub-assemblies for the production process, the per-unit cost will vary based on volume discounts. 10 Best accounting calculators and how to use of them, What is fund accounting, key principles, & responsibilities, Expanded accounting equation | Key principles, Stock Consultant | An ultimate read for best results, Economic profit How to calculate economic profit, Fair value accounting Basics on fair value accounting, Tax accounting Basics on tax accounting & 5 key principles, Best business audiobooks Top 75 business audiobooks, Top 11 jobs for people with social anxiety. Variable costs are costs that change with the volume of goods produced. There is , Continue Reading about Diversifying Your Cryptocurrency Portfolio. We need to find out the following. Let's read about diversifying your Cryptocurrency Portfolio in this article. The following are the two types of cost estimates. Includes professional and educational checks | Covers social and personal insights. 2. WebTotal project cost after crashing = 4200 + 1400 = 5600. It is the increase in the cost of production of one more unit product or services. Economic costs are the cost of the decision. In accounting terms, we divide the sum of variable costs and fixed costs by the volume of goods produced. Here is how to find the average total cost. If you know the variable costs of production per unit and total production costs, you can calculate the fixed costs. For activities with more than one previous node, LF is the earliest of the latest start times of those activities. Instant background check on anyone | We will note from the above the cost-time curve and two important points: 1. Read the following post to know about Critical Path Analysis formulas if the convention that project starts on day Zero is selected. Total Variable Cost = Average Variable Cost Per Unit * Quantity of Units Produced. The same goes for projects theres no such thing as a project without costs. The total fixed cost formula, The average total cost is the total fixed and variable cost divided by the total units produced. It pays $5000 overtime to its employees. In general, the Direct Cost, like the material cost, will be same even when the time changes (within a short period), while other Direct Costs will increase with reduction in project time like extra overtime, extra cost for additional machineries and equipment, extra payments to contractors/sub-contractors to speed up etc. The ProjectManager project dashboard updates automatically, so youre always looking at the most current figures and making the smartest budgeting decisions. Will NFTs Bring The End To Record Label Business? Identify all the variable costs. denotes an incremental change of one unit. Project managers are notified in case of deviation to take necessary proactive steps to bring the project back on track. Indirect Costs, which represent all other expenses incurred in the project implementation but cannot be identified against specific activity (within the project). The following paragraphs lists various formulas in expected monetary value calculations. Report a Violation, PERT-Cost Budgeting | Project Management, Degree of Traceability to a Cost Object: Direct and Indirect Cost, Top 2 Types of Cost Estimates | Project Management. Continue Reading about Will NFTs Bring The End To Record Label Business? Total Fixed Cost = Total Cost of Production Variable Cost Per Unit * No. The total cost formula = total costs of variable cost + total cost of fixed cost, The difference between marginal cost and average variable cost is as follows , Also read: Best business audiobooks Top 75 business audiobooks, Every business operation has variable costs. To know more, Wish to contact Atul Gaur, send a twitter Direct Message or fill the, Project Management Formulas for PMP Certification Examination, Net Present Value (NPV) Project Management Formulas, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) / Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA), Project Selection Acceptance Criteria Summary, Project Management Formulas for PERT Analysis, Three Point Estimates (Beta Distribution), Three Point Estimates (Triangular Distribution), Project Management Formulas for Critical Path Analysis, Also Read Post Related to Critical Path Analysis, Project Management Formulas forExpected Monetary Value (EMV), Project Management Formulas for Procurement Management, Earned Value Analysis Project Management Formulas, Project Management Formulas Earned Value Variance Analysis, Project Management Formulas Earned Value Performance Indices, Earned Value Analysis Forecasting Project Performance, Wrong Cost Estimates Implications Solutions, Forecast Project Cost Earned Value Method, Program Evaluation And Review Technique (PERT), Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), PMP Certification Benefits To Organizations and PM | MilestoneTask, Earned Value Analysis Project Management | MilestoneTask, Forecast Project Cost Earned Value Methodology | MilestoneTask, Critical Path Method Schedule Analysis Methodology | MilestoneTask, Critical Path Analysis Solved Example CPM Technique | MilestoneTask, Sequence Activities Tools and Techniques | MilestoneTask, PMBOK 6th Edition Changes Vs PMBOK 5th Edition | MilestoneTask, Earned Value Management Example Problems | MilestoneTask, Variance Analysis In Project Management | MilestoneTask, Schedule Network Analysis Methods for Critical Path | MilestoneTask, Program Evaluation And Review Technique (PERT) | MilestoneTask, Project Selection Methods Top 5 Criteria Explained | MilestoneTask, PMP Certification Application Process | MilestoneTask, PMP Certification Exam Changes 2019 Explained | MilestoneTask, Earned Value Management Challenges | MilestoneTask, Net Present Value (NPV) Calculation Steps, Wherek = discounting factor / interest rate andN = Number of time periods, IRR is the discount rate at which NPV = 0, Activity Duration / Cost Estimates = (P + 4M +O) / 6, Activity Duration / Cost Estimates = (P + M + O) / 3, ES of the next node is the earliest finish time of the immediately preceding activity plus 1 = EF + 1, Early Finish (EF) = ES + Activity Duration (D) 1, On Critical Path LF of the last activity is equal to the EF of that activity, The latest start time of the activity of previous node minus 1 = LS -1, Late Start (LS) = LF Activity Duration (D) + 1, Cost to crash per period = (CC NC) / (NT CT), CC = The activity cost associated with the crash time, NC = The activity cost associated with the normal time, NT = The time necessary to complete the activity under normal conditions, CT = The shortest possible time necessary to complete an activity, Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) Estimates = -25% to +75%, Work Package Cost Estimates = Activity Cost Estimates + Activity Contingency Reserve, Control Accounts = Work Package Cost Estimates + Contingency Reserve, Cost Baseline = Summation of Control Accounts, Project Budget = Cost Baseline + Management Reserve, Number of communication channels = N(N 1) / 2 ; Where N = Number of stakeholders, Net Path Value = Pay offs Costs along the path, Final Fee = [(Target Cost Actual Cost)*Sellers ratio] + Target Fee, Point of Total Assumption (PTA) = [(Ceiling Price Target price) / Buyers Ratio] + Target Cost, EV = % Work Complete Estimate X Work Package BAC, If future work will be accomplished at the planned rate (EAC at budgeted rate), If the CPI is expected to be the same (EAC at current CPI), If the initial plan is no longer valid then. I wanted to leave a little comment to support you and wish you a good continuation. The total variable cost formula, Total Variable Cost = Variable cost per unit X Quantity of goods, Total fixed costs are an integral part of fixed costs. Total Cost = Total Fixed Cost + Average Variable Cost Per Unit * Quantity of Units Produced Total Cost = $10,000 + $5 * $5,000 Total Cost = $35,000 In this example, it can be seen that the total cost of production is directly proportional to the level of production. Using a set period allows you to analyze when you are breaking even and earning a profit. Also Read:Wrong Cost Estimates Implications Solutions. Such computations are handled by our calculator as well. Learn how your comment data is processed. Schedule Variance: What Is It & How Do I Calculate It? Get unremot personal office for FREE! The total cost formula, Also read: Mark to market accounting | A beginners guide. 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