Verina's attempt was defeated, and Zeno, equally jealous of her and of Illus, banished her at the instance of the latter, and confined her in the fort of Papurius. Backgammon History in Backgammon Galore . The Provo Airport is home to long-time hangar tenants, and welcomes new and temporary guests to use our airport facilities. The player with the higher number on the second roll moves using only the numbers shown on the dice used for the second roll. The format has a significant effect on strategy. Applications for a position on this board are Aspar attempted to assassinate him but failed and that would earn him his own death sentence later. In a match, the objective is not to win the maximum possible number of points, but rather to simply reach the score needed to win the match. Steps to accomplish this can be taken by following theMaster Plan and Minimum Standards. Cleverly, Zeno channeled his warrior desire towards the Italian peninsula. The commanding position and popular favour of Illus rendered him an object of suspicion, and Zeno in various ways sought to rid himself of him. There is evidence of a board game called nard being played in England in 1025. The earliest description of "" (tavli) is in an epigram of Byzantine emperor Zeno (r. 474-475; 476-491), given by Agathias of Myrine (6th century AD), who describes a game in which Zeno They Were Nuts! History of the Byzantine state (Georg Ostrogorsky)/Brief history of the Byzantine Empire (David Barreras Martnez and Cristina Durn Gmez)/history of rome (Sergei Ivanovich Kovalyov)/Brief history of Byzantium (Warren Treadgold)/Wikipedia, 7 villages, paths and lakes to discover in Serra da Lous, Charms to take advantage of the holidays in Chile in 2019, A 2nd century AD wine press discovered next to the Roman fortress of Apsaros in Georgia, Numbeo: prices by country and cost of living, Five typical dishes from Cuenca to enjoy on vacation. Zeno allowed the arrival in Antioch from nearby monasteries of monks who increased the number of Peter's followers, and did not repress effectively their violence. 1951. Education Bachelor of Arts Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 1984 Medical Degree Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvannia 1988 General Because the opponent has difficulty re-entering from the bar or escaping, a player can quickly gain a running advantage and win the game, often with a gammon. Zeno became magister militum praesentalis and the play was finished off when his son was named Caesar in 474. For instance, only allowing a maximum of five men on any point (Britain)[46] or disallowing "hit-and-run" in the home board (Middle East).[47][48]. The rules of Tabula were reconstructed in the 19th century by Becq de Fouquires based upon this epigram. [56] When this fails, one may opt for a "holding game", maintaining control of a point on one's opponent's side of the board, called an anchor. He also established the World Backgammon Club of Manhattan, devised a backgammon tournament system in 1963, then organized the first major international backgammon tournament in March 1964, which attracted royalty, celebrities and the press. She went wrong because Illos did not accept and was banished despite the pleas of her daughter Ariadna, Zenos wife, who tried to take revenge on Illos. ", "A Foregone Conclusion: Fore-Edge Books Are Unique Additions to Ransom Collection", "The Father Of Modern Backgammon - GammonVillage Magazine", "Urge to Play Backgammon Sweeping Men's Clubs", "World Backgammon Championships History - Backgammon Masters - Backgammon Articles' Categories - Play65", "Programming backgammon using self-teaching neural nets", "The Trial (and Tribulations) of Oregon Promoter Ted Barr", "Backgammon NewsWorld Championships 2000", "Top Tavla tips for expats to play like a Turk", "Love of Backgammon: To Arabs, It's the 1 Game That Counts", "All You Need To Know About Tavli, Greece's National Board Game", "Temporal difference learning and TD-Gammon", "Backgammon software - Backgammon Online Guide", "BackgammonSnowie - World class poker coaching software", Backgammon World Championship - Monte Carlo, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Backgammon&oldid=1126715451, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Medieval Greek-language text, Articles containing Middle English (1100-1500)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022, Articles containing Persian-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, - (); Du-bara (dubara, dubari), - (, ); Djort-jahar (jaar, dordjar), 2a) unequal throws in pure Farsi, higher followed by lower, 2b) unequal throws in pure Farsi, with a connecting vowel in between, 3) Mixed Turkish-Persian numeral (6-5, 5-5, 4-4), 4) alternatives for 2a and 2b in pure Turkish (6-4, 5-4, 5-1, 2-1), 5) special cases (3-2, 2-2, 1-1); where 3-2 is a version of 2a with a "ba" added for phonetic reasons, 2-2 is, Howell, James (1835). Religion, always a source of discord, was the main reason. Backgammon was popularized in the United States following the First World War and later in the 1960s it boomed in popularity again with the establishment of the first major international backgammon tournaments. [3] By the 19th century, however, backgammon had spread to Europe, where it rapidly superseded other tables games like Trictrac in popularity, and also to America, where the doubling cube was introduced. When most people think of the sport rugby, Tonga is not at the top of the list of competitors. Wallsburg is located at remove them from the board. However, being Orthodox Christians rather than Arians, as the Goths and other Germanic tribes were, they were not formally barred from the throne. Strategies can derive from that. A variant of the doubling cube "beaver" is the "raccoon". Nard is a traditional tables game from Persia which may be an ancestor of backgammon. The events of Zeno's reign are quite obscure; only one continuous account of his reign has been preserved, by Evagrius Scholasticus, in his Historia Ecclesiastica (Chapter 3). [17], The earliest mention of backgammon, under the name Baggammon, was by James Howell in a letter dated 1635. A backgammon board features in The Triumph of Death by Pieter Brueghel. When the cube is still centered, either player may start their turn by proposing that the game be played for twice the current stakes. [37], Modern historians believe that the order of the facts preserved by Samaritan sources should be inverted, as the persecution of Zeno was a consequence of the rebellion rather than its cause, and should have happened after 484, around 489. The aggressions of the two Ostrogothic leaders, Theoderic the Amal (Theoderic the Great), the son of Theodemir and leader of the Moesian Ostrogoths, and Theodoric Strabo, the leader of the Thracian Ostrogoths, had been a constant source of danger since 472. Albeit Cotton (1674) gives an alternative starting layout as well as the familiar one. The natives of that region were highly valued in war and many of them not only joined the ranks of the Byzantine army but were assigned to the corps of soldiers. If you are a caregiver for someone who may wander or require a special response from police due to autism or another disability, please consider adding them to the Special Needs Registry. With each roll of the dice, players must choose from numerous options for moving their pieces and anticipate possible counter-moves by the opponent. The teaching of Chalcedon was not so much repudiated as passed over in silence; Jesus Christ was described as the "only-begotten Son of God [] one and not two" and there was no explicit reference to the two natures. For example, if the player rolls a 6 and a 3 (denoted as "6-3"), the player must move one checker six points forward, and another or the same checker three points forward. According to Samaritan sources, Zeno (whom the sources call "Zait the King of Edom") persecuted the Samaritans. (The date is given as January 29 in other sources.) A play is not complete, and may be undone and replayed an unlimited number of times, until the player removes his or her dice from the board. Major tournaments are held yearly worldwide. The appearance of Nestorianism and the revolt of the Samaritans, persecuted for refusing to convert, further complicated matters. The game exploded in popularity in France at around the same time as in England, so much so that in 1254 Louis IX had to issue a decree prohibiting his officials from playing. [10] Ludus duodecim scriptorum used a board with three rows of 12 points each, with the 15 pieces being moved in opposing directions by the two players across three rows according to the roll of the three cubical dice. The Weird, Wonderful and Wicked Beings in Scandinavian Folklore. The Murphy rule is not an official rule in backgammon and is rarely, if ever, seen in use at officially sanctioned tournaments. I love the game, but seems its last heyday was the 1970s. The sources call him "Tarasicodissa Rousombladadiotes", and for this reason it was thought his name was Tarasicodissa. 1, Willughby (c. 1660-1672), entries for "Cards", "Tables", "Irish" and "Back Gammon. Zeno answered that the Roman Senate should welcome back Julius Nepos, their rightful Emperor, and that Odoacer should properly receive the patriciate from Nepos, although he allowed that he would also grant it. The dimensions of a board when opened, for a tournament game, should be at a minimum of 44cm by 55cm to a maximum of 66cm by 88cm. Doubles had originally been recorded by placing "common parlour matches" on the bar in the centre of the board. Bilco Safe & Lock has been providing locksmith services all around Utah for over 44 years. 247 Backgammon Fortify your checkers in backgammon by ensuring all remain in stacks of two or more at all times. ( Public domain ). More than one checker can be on the bar at a time. Basiliscus fled to sanctuary in a church, but he was betrayed by the Patriarch Acacius and surrendered himself and his family after extracting a solemn promise from Zeno not to shed their blood. Leo reacted ordering the exile for Peter and addressing to Zeno a law that forbade the monks to leave their monasteries and to promote rebellion (1 June 471). Available at: https://iranicaonline.org/articles/board-games-in-pre-islamic-persia, Mark has a history degree from the National University of Ireland in Maynooth. One of the oldest board games known to man is the game of Backgammon in The Vintage News . Backgammon playing pieces may be termed checkers, draughts, stones, men, counters, pawns, discs, pips, chips, or nips. Tabula, meaning 'table' or 'board' in Byzantine Greek, is the oldest game with rules close to those of backgammon. It is described in an epigram of Byzantine Emperor Zeno (AD 476491). [18] The overall aim was identical and the board had the same basic layout, with 24 points, 12 on each side, and there were 15 counters per player. It is featured in the paintings of many of the Dutch masters such as Hieronymus Boschs The Garden of Earthly Delights and Pieter Brueghels The Triumph of Death . The rollout score of the human (or the computer) is the difference of the average game results by following the selected move versus following the best move, then averaged for the entire set of taken moves. Ask about video and phone sessions. It is thought the game is descended from senet. 2007. p. 224, Murray, H.J.R. (385) 270-8868. [65], A backgammon chouette permits three or more players to participate in a single game, often for money. Martyrius went to Constantinople, to ask Leo for help, but returning to Antioch he was informed that Peter had been elected bishop and resigned (470). The game is described in an epigram (a short satirical poem) by the Byzantine Emperor Zeno . In the first place the revolt of Marciano, son of the old emperor of the West Anthemius; Marcian had married Leontia, Zenos sister-in-law, for which he twice obtained the consulship and in 479 he tried to seize power. The aim of the game was the same as in backgammon. Checkers placed on the bar must re-enter the game through the opponent's home board before any other move can be made. [59] This reduces the likelihood of loaded dice being used, which is the main way of cheating in face-to-face play. Either way, before leaving, Leo and Zeno asked for Daniel the Stylite's opinion about the campaign, and Daniel answered that Zeno would have been the target of a conspiracy but would have escaped unharmed. Through these letters, which Tarasis gave to Leo, the Emperor could dismiss Ardabur, who at the time was magister militum per Orientem and patricius, thus reducing Aspar's influence and ambition. For unknown reasons, there was no championship in 1970, but in 1971, Tim Holland again won the title. Thus, the second assumed the crown of the unified empire. No 2. Plakoto, Fevga and Portes are three varieties of tables games played in Greece. This means there are 542632 total bearoff positions (~3 billion positions). Provo City has a seven-member adhoc Airport Board. Flavius Zeno ascended the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire in AD 474. [19] In 1666, it is reported that the "old name for backgammon used by Shakespeare and others" was Tables. With the aid of a computer this game was solved by Hugh Sconyers around 1994, meaning that exact equities for all cube positions are available for all 32 million possible positions.[50][51]. Backgammon is played in two principal variations, "money" and "match" play. In this case, the blot has been "hit" and is placed in the middle of the board on the bar that divides the two sides of the playing surface. [40][41] There is no limit to the number of checkers that can occupy a point at any given time. It is a game of luck and skill that remains popular today. Basiliscus took the throne for himself, putting to death Verina's lover and candidate, Patricius. Zeno confiscated all of the properties of Armatus, deposed his son Basiliscus, and had him ordained as a priest. Thoths Storm: New Evidence for Ancient Egyptians in Ireland? Backgammon is particularly common in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean, and is the de facto national game in several countries including Greece, Egypt and Turkey. The points form a continuous track in the shape of a horseshoe, and are numbered from 1 to 24. Zeno rebuilt the church of St. Procopius in Neapolis (Sichem) and the Samaritans were banned from Mount Gerizim, on whose top a signalling tower was built to alert in case of civil unrest.[38]. With Provo City's new online services, many tasks are just a click away, including permits, licenses, planning applications, special events, and more. Zeno had Theoderic fight against Illus and the usurper Leontius, besieging them at Papurius in 484488. The earliest description of Tabula dates back to the Byzantine emperor Zeno in 480 AD making this one of the later ancient Roman games. Zeno entered the capital promising to spare his life, although he had him locked up in a fort in Cappadocia. Zeno had signed peace with Genseric, leader of the Vandals and Alans, recognizing him as king of North Africa in exchange for peace of mind. Provo Municipal Airport (PVU) is Utah's second busiest airport. [7] The overall aim was to be first to bear one's pieces off; the board had the typical tables layout, with 24 points, 12 on each side; and there were 15 counters per player. Tim Holland was declared the winner that year and at the tournament the following year. The Royal Game of Ur from 2600 BC may also be an ancestor or intermediate of modern-day table games like backgammon and is the oldest game for which rules have been handed down. Its neural network was trained using temporal difference learning applied to data generated from self-play. When a player decides to double the opponent, the value is then a double of whatever face value is shown (e.g. Coan ki is an ancient Chinese tables game. Also Verina, the dowager Empress, was his enemy, and formed a plot against his life. Enter the book and page to find all parcels on a book and page. In 479 Marcian tried to overthrow Zeno and reclaim the throne for himself. Then proceed to Sky Way or Mike Jense Parkway depending on the desired service. After their death, Zeno returned to Constantinople and was appointed magister militum praesentalis.[15]. For further hangar or tie down information call (801) 852-6715. [56], Backgammon is considered the national game in many countries of the Eastern Mediterranean:[74] Egypt,[75] Turkey,[76] Cyprus,[77] Syria,[78] Israel,[79] Palestine,[80] Lebanon[74] and Greece. If you roll a five and a one, you must move a checker five points forward. The event was recorded for television in Europe and aired on Eurosport. The fact that this is the earliest mention is stated in Fiske (1905), p. 285. A roll of 1 allows the checker to enter on the 24-point (opponent's 1), a roll of 2 on the 23-point (opponent's 2), and so forth, up to a roll of 6 allowing entry on the 19-point (opponent's 6). The game was altered in around 1st century AD when a row of fields was removed. For each position there are four results: no cube, rollers cube, center cube and opponents cube. Chouette play often permits the use of multiple doubling cubes. The game is similar to backgammon; Zeno The roll of 1-2 is given special consideration, allowing the player, after moving the 1 and the 2, to select any desired doubles move. If the opponent has not yet borne off any checkers when the game ends, the winner scores a gammon, which counts for double stakes. Backgammon has been studied considerably by computer scientists. The plot is loosely based on history; here Zeno flees to Italy and tries to convince Romulus Augustulus to unite their forces and fight together, but his plan fails. Badge Applications will take a minimum of two weeks for processing. Contrary to popular belief, backgammon is not the oldest board game in the world, nor are all tables games variants of backgammon. [19], In 477, however, Zeno changed his mind, probably by instigation of Illus who would have gained by the fall of Armatus, and ordered Armatus' death. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? Strabo defeated the Bulgars in 480/481, and moved towards Constantinople, but he had to deal with problems with his own men, so he could not capitalize upon his victory and was forced to return to Greece. It was common in tournament play in the 1980s, but is now rarely used. Jordanes ascribes her hatred to another cause: he says that Illus had infused jealous suspicions into Zeno's mind which had led Zeno to attempt to end her life, and that her knowledge of these things stimulated her to revenge. For badge fees, view the consolidated fee schedule. Zeno legitimized Odoacer's authority in Dalmatia; Odoacer recognized Zeno as sole Emperor of the again unitary Empire, but increasingly started using the title Rex ("King") for himself.[25]. According to a popular legend recorded by two ancient historians, Zeno was buried alive after becoming insensible out of drinking or of an illness; he called for help, but Ariadne did not allow anyone to open the sarcophagus. [2] Irish was the Anglo-Scottish equivalent of the French Toutes Tables and Spanish Todas Tablas, the latter name first being used in the 1283 El Libro de los Juegos, a translation of Arabic manuscripts by the Toledo School of Translators. The white and black checkers were so distributed on the points that the only way to use all of the three results, as required by the game rules, was to break the three stacks of two checkers into blots, thus exposing them to capture and ruining the game for Zeno. Please contact the Airport Division Director at (801) 852-6715 for any future proposals for building at the airport. The good part, so to speak, was that it recognized the emperor of the East as superior, so the lesser evil was chosen, accepting Odoacer as magister militum per Italia. [30] However, the army of Theodoric Strabo, 30,000-men strong was still a menace for Zeno, who convinced the Bulgars to attack the Thracian Goths in their own base. The person who uses that information in the most effective manner will win." The City Council is now accepting applications from residents who are interested in volunteering on their neighborhood district executive board. He came to Constantinople during the reign of Leo I where he first changed his name to Zeno. These pieces move along twenty-four 'points' according to the roll of two dice. He called for help when awoke but he was already in the sarcophagus and empress Ariadne did not allow to open it. This board was found at Jiroft, Iran, and has three parallel rows of twelve circular fields, one more row than a modern backgammon board. Most recently, the United States Backgammon Federation (USBGF) was organized in 2009 to repopularize the game in the United States. In 1975, Emmet Keeler and Joel Spencer considered the question of when to double or accept a double using an idealized version of backgammon. [49], Hypergammon is a game in which players have only three counters on the board, starting with one each on the 24, 23 and 22 points. [16], In January 475, Zeno was forced to flee Constantinople to Isauria with his wife and mother,[17] some Isaurian fellows and the Imperial treasure. Theophanes the Confessor, 135,31136,5. Airport badges allow access into restricted areas of the Airport Operations Area and are issued as needed for employment or other verified purposes. For example, players may position all of their blots in such a way that the opponent must roll a 2 in order to hit any of them, reducing the probability of being hit more than once. Candidus places the banishment of Verina before the revolt of Marcian, and Theodore Lector assigns as the cause of it her share in the revolt of Basiliscus. The following year, during which he held the honour of the consulate, he was appointed magister militum per Thracias and led an expedition in Thrace. After rolling the dice, players must, if possible, move their checkers according to the number shown on each die. The emperor almost fell in the hands of the rebels, who, during the day, overwhelmed the imperial troops, who were hit also by the citizens from the roofs of their houses. Build up your home territory with two checkers + in each spot. The conspirators caused riots in the capital against the Isaurian emperor; Basiliscus succeeded also in convincing Illus, Trocundes and the Ostrogothic general Theodoric Strabo to join the plot. [22][29], In 476/477, Zeno allied himself with Strabo's rival, Theoderic the Amal, and ordered him to attack Strabo. [6], In 465, Leo and Aspar quarrelled about the appointment of consuls for the following year; it was in this occasion that Tarasis' position was strengthened, as he became friend and ally of the Emperor. Were the Merovingians Descended from a Monster? Excubitorsthe emperors personal guard created by Leo I the Thracian in the year 460 AD, an oriental version of the Praetorians and in every sense, moreover, because they not only protected him but several of his commanders came to wear purple. Pre-Columbian Murals and Norse Sagas Suggest Vikings Met the Aztecs, and the Outcome Was Not Pretty, The Dispilio Tablet and the Real Origins of Writing, Mother Found Still Cradling Baby After 4800 Years, Archaeologists Salvage Inscribed Palace Door Threshold at City of Nimrud. On this day in the year 474 AD, according to the early Byzantine historian John Malalas, a Roman general named Zeno was crowned as co-emperor to his seven-year son old Leo II. [9], The of Emperor Zeno's time is believed to be a direct descendant of the earlier Roman Ludus duodecim scriptorum ('Game of twelve lines') with the board's middle row of points removed, and only the two outer rows remaining. The emperor managed to flee thanks to the fact that Illos bribed the enemy troops and then subdued the rebellion by imprisoning Marciano. After the closing arguments, Judge Stephen S. Walker concluded that backgammon is a game of skill, not a game of chance, and found the defendant, backgammon tournament director Ted Barr, not guilty of promoting gambling. Leo I, father-in-law of Zeno, Eastern Roman Emperor from 457 to 474. Some are played primarily throughout one geographic region, and others add new tactical elements to the game. Backgammon is a two-player game of contrary movement in which each player has fifteen pieces, known traditionally as 'men' (short for 'tablemen') but increasingly known as 'checkers' in the US in recent decades. The stakes are raised by gammons, backgammons, and use of the doubling cube. Zeno the Isaurian Tarasicodissa (died AD 491) Zeno was from Rosoumblada in the province in south-eastern Asia Minor known as Isauria. It is possible that the immediate events explain it because Anastasio, a simple silentiarium (silent, responsible for order and silence in court) of Albanian origin who was nicknamed dicorus Because he had one eye of each color, he ascended the throne with the support of Ariadna (who soon married him). She was unsuccessful but he was wounded and, tired of that turbulent life, he preferred to leave the court, settling in Nicaea. Zeno had them because he had excelled as a warrior fighting Attila in 447 to the point of reaching the consulship generalship. Very much like the lyrics of the famous Mary I of Scotland, or Mary, Queen of Scots is one of the most iconic monarchs in British history. After the opening, backgammon players frequently rely on some established general strategies, combining and switching among them to adapt to the changing conditions of a game. Mainstream history would have you believe the modern game of golf originated in 15th-century Scotland. At the same time, Zeno received another embassy, sent by Julius Nepos, who asked Zeno to give him the money and the army he needed to resume his control of Italy. Its origin is ancient, perhaps based on the famous Royal Game of Ur, on the Egyptian Senet or perhaps on another even earlier. And although his conversion to the Orthodox faith was promised, Zeno did not sit idly by; he returned to Constantinople and managed, together with Basilisk (brother of the queen mother and also a general), to design a conspiracy of the excubitors Isaurians that ended the lives of Aspar and his offspring Ardaburio, as we told before. Zeno, who while he had organized an army, marched on Constantinople, bought the loyalty of Illos, bribed other commanders and managed to encourage a popular uprising that put Basiliscus to flight, who took refuge in the church of Santa Sofa. There were 24 points, 12 on each side and there were 15 counters per player. In other parts of the world, different tables games such as Nard or Nardy are better known. Information on scheduled commercial flights, businesses, parking and amenities located at the airport can be found on our Commercial Service web page. If you are going to fly a drone within five miles of the airport, you need to call the Provo Air Traffic Control Tower and let them know when and where this will take place. At the death of Leo II (January 474) Theodoric Strabo rebelled against Zeno. [54], Misere (backgammon to lose) is a variant of backgammon in which the objective is to lose the game.[55]. Instead, he moved to the "Long Wall" (the Long Wall of the Thracian Chersonese or, less probably, the Anastasian Wall), then to Pylai and from there to Chalcedon. In addition to commercial service the Provo Airport is available for general aviation. Since at least the early 19th century, Damascus became well known as the preeminent location for Damascene-style wooden marquetry backgammon sets that have become famous throughout the region.[78]. The sources do not clearly state what enemy he fought there, and historians had proposed either Goths or Huns, or the rebels of Anagastes. John defeated the rebels near Seleucia and drove them into the fort of Papurius where he blockaded them. [56], Many positions require a measurement of a player's standing in the race, for example, in making a doubling cube decision, or in determining whether to run home and begin bearing off. These boards are from a game that was known as Ludas Duodecim Scriptorum , or the game of twelve points during republican and early imperial Rome. Ancient Origins 2013 - 2022Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. [59], In State of Oregon v. Barr, a 1982 court case pivotal to the continued widespread organised playing of backgammon in the US, the State argued that backgammon is a game of chance and that it was therefore subject to Oregon's stringent gambling laws. [83] Related to this phenomenon, the game is frequently referred to as Shesh Besh, which is a rhyming combination shesh, meaning six in Farsi (as well as many historical and current Semitic languages), and besh, meaning five in Turkish. The following is an overview of their development up to the time when backgammon appeared on the scene. His good intentions collided with the reality of intransigence, not satisfying either one or the other: the Pope rejected him, the Patriarch of Constantinople answered him the hard way and there was no going back for the schism between the two churches. Finally, he alienated the Church, supporting the Monophysites. What happened was that Leo sent some of his personal soldiers with Zeno to protect him, but they were bribed by Aspar to actually capture him. The backgammon is a very popular board game in which two players compete to free their checkers before the opponent, each moving them through their respective twelve squares structured in two quadrants according to the result of two dice. Location. 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